Index
[NOTE: This index is provided only for the sake of giving
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Bolded page numbers designate the herb chapter for the herb
listed, or the monograph for the proprietary herbal product listed. For
guidance on critical decision-making the reader is referred to the
comprehensive information provided in the Monographs which are fully indexed.
The Clinical Overview and Patient Information Sheet for each herb are indexed
only under the scientific and common names for that herb because all material
in these sections is discussed in further detail within the corresponding
Monograph.
A
abdominal pain, 128, 139, 239, 264, 305, 373. see also gastrointestinal conditions
ABKIT, Inc., 405
abnormal sensations. see
paresthesia
abrasions, 54, 57, 59, 90
absorption of drugs and nutrients, 147, 341, 367, 383
ABTS radicals, 29
Acanthopanax
senticosus, 97–106
Access Business Group, 382
Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education, xv,
xvi
acetaldehyde, 380
acetaminophen, 162, 170, 308
acetazolamide, 116
acetyl salicylic acid. see
aspirin
acetylacteol, 17
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, 191
acetylcysteine, 389
acetylenic alcohols, 205
Achillea millefolium,
379
acne, 32, 64, 66, 67, 72, 381
Aconitum spp.,
278, 383
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). see HIV
Actaea racemosa, 13–22, 410
actein, 17
activities of daily living (ADL), 189
activity levels influenced by eleuthero, 106
acute mountain sickness (AMS). see altitude sickness
adaptogens, 100, 101, 102, 105, 214, 215
ADAS-Cog score, 195
addiction potential, 113, 115
adenocarcinomas, mammary, 127
adenoma, prostatic, 114
adenomatous colorectal polyps, 161
adenosine, 157, 158, 231, 240
adeturone, 102
adhesions, bacterial, 77
adhesions, platelet, 168, 231. see also platelet aggregation
adipose tissue, 113, 115–116, 223
adrenoceptors, 239, 240, 313
adrenocorticotropic agents, 277
adverse effects, xviii, xxvii
abdominal
pain, 128, 140
acne, 32,
66
allergic
reactions/hypersensitivity, 44, 55, 56, 160, 326
alveolitis,
44
anaphylaxis,
55, 56, 90, 252
androgenization,
102
anxiety,
340
appetite
reduction, 341
asthma, 160
bile
obstruction, 264
bleeding/hemorrhage,
160, 190, 217, 326
breast
tension/mastalgia, 66, 217
breath
odor, 160
burning-mouth
syndrome, 302
circulatory
complaints, 18, 32
conjunctivitis,
55
constipation,
32, 115
contact
sensitivity, oral, 302
dermatitis/skin
reactions, 44, 55, 66, 69, 71, 139, 160, 252
diarrhea,
32, 78, 102, 140, 217, 295, 334
diuresis,
340
dizziness/vertigo,
18, 31, 190, 217
driving
impairment, 356
dry mouth,
66
dyspepsia,
69, 140, 356
edema, 278
emesis/vomiting,
18, 31, 55, 115, 140
erectile/ejaculatory
disturbances, 313, 317, 319
erythema,
326
erythrocytosis,
32
estrogen-like
effects, 217
excitability,
356
fatigue, 66
flatulence,
140, 295
gastric
reflux, 251
gastrointestinal
complaints, 18, 22, 66, 71, 78, 190, 251, 295, 313, 317, 326, 332
giddiness,
115
hair loss,
66
hairy baby
syndrome, 102
headaches,
18, 31, 66, 69, 71, 102, 115, 128, 190, 319, 340, 356
heart
irregularities, 66, 102, 115, 190, 278, 340
hepatitis,
264, 265
hepatotoxicity,
90, 264, 265
hyperaldosteronism,
278
hypertension,
115, 217, 278, 313, 340
hyphema,
190
hypokalemia,
278
ichthyosis,
scaly, 264
icterus
(jaundice), 264
impaired
judgment, 356
impaired
vision, 18
insomnia/sleep
disturbances, 102, 115, 217, 334, 340, 356
irritability,
115, 217, 340
itching/pruritus,
66, 251
lichenoid
reaction, 302
lip
swelling, 139
liver
dysfunction, 264, 265
loose
stools, 128
lytic
fever, 32
melioidosis,
264
menstrual
disturbances, 66
morning
sleepiness, 356
mucosal
irritation, 44, 251, 340
mydriasis,
217
myoglobinuria,
278
nausea, 18,
31, 66, 69, 115, 128, 140, 251, 313
nephropathy/renal
failure, 31, 252
nervousness/agitation,
66, 115, 217, 340
oral
ulceration, 139, 302
photosensitization,
326
plasma
cyclosporin reduction, 326
platelet
aggregation inhibition, 32
potassium
loss, 278
pulmonary
edema, 278
respiratory
arrest, 302
rhinitis,
160
sedative
effects, 32
seizures,
115
skin odor,
160
sodium
retention, 278
spinal
epidural hematoma, 160
strokes,
115
tongue
spasms, 302
tongue
swelling, 139
tremors,
115, 340
urinary
tract infections, 313, 317
urination
disturbances, 115
water
retention, 278
weakness,
115
withdrawal
symptoms, 356
adverse event reports (AERs), xviii, 111–112, 115, 262
Aegle marmelos,
383
aescin, 251
Aesculaforce®, 252, 255, 401
Aesculus
hippocastanum, 247–258
AF Nutraceutical Group, Inc., 33, 405
affective (emotional) disorders. see also anxiety; depression; mood; well-being/quality of life
agitation,
114, 115
anger, 70
approach-avoidance
conflict, 355
bright
light therapy, 333
daily
stress, 270
dysphoria,
71, 205
emotional
disturbances from dementia, 195
irritability,
16, 18, 70, 71, 215, 354
as
adverse effect, 115, 217, 340
panicky
states, 340
restlessness,
71, 114, 115, 263, 270, 354, 361, 376
as
adverse effect, 340
seasonal
affective disorder (SAD), 324, 327, 333
aflatoxin resistance, 216
Agathosma betulina,
76
aged garlic extract (AGE), 156, 162, 169, 170, 399
aging, 215, 224. see
also elderly patients
agitation, 114, 115
Agnolyt®, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 398
agnuside, 64, 65
AHPA Safety Rating, xxviii
AIDS patients. see
HIV patients
aji pepper, 42
ajoene, 157
akuammigine, 28
alanine aminotransferase (ALT), 264, 283, 289, 293, 294,
346, 378
albumin/globulin quotient, 294
alcohol
absorption,
380
abuse, 381
alcohol-induced
disorders, 56, 216, 288, 290, 293, 294, 380
blood-alcohol
levels, 217, 364
consumption,
265, 325
interactions,
326, 356, 364
intoxication,
265
aldosteronism, 278, 279, 283, 377, 378
Alena™, 148, 152, 399
alkaline drugs, 341
alkaline elution, 36
alkaline phosphatase, 152, 380
alkamides, 89
allergic alveolitis, 44
allergies. see
hypersensitivity
allicin, 157, 158, 161
alliin, 157, 161
alliinase, 157
Allium sativum, 153–170
allspice, 383
Alluna™, 357, 363, 374,
403
allyl methyl trisulfide, 157, 158
Aloe ferox, xx
aloe vera, 409
alpha-amylase activity, 339
alpha blockers, 313
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), 146, 150, 151
alpha-reductase, 387
Alpinia galanga,
182
alprazolam, 265
Althaea officinalis,
276
altitude sickness, 101, 188, 191, 198. see also hypoxia
alveolar macrophages, 225
alveolitis, 44
Alyt®, 67, 70, 398
Alzheimer’s disease, 188, 191, 195. see also memory
Amanita mushroom
poisoning, 288, 289, 290, 295
ambroxol, 389
American Association of Poison Control Centers, xviii
American Botanical Council, vi, xiv, xvi
American Council on Pharmaceutical Education, xvi
American Dietetic Association, xvi
American ginseng, 201–209,
216
American Herbal Products Association (AHPA), xix, 110, 116
American Medical Association, xv, 110
American Nurses Credentialing Center, xvi
aminoterminal propeptide, 222
aminotransferase levels, 290, 295
amiodarone, 90
amitriptyline, 326, 327, 332, 341
ammonia, fecal, 339, 349
ammonium chloride, 116
amoebicidal agents, 231
amoxicillin, 217
amyloid-b-protein
toxicity, 370
anabolic steroids, 90
anaerobic threshold, 239, 244
analgesics, 42, 263, 301, 305, 308
anaphylaxis, 55, 56, 90, 252. see also hypersensitivity
androgens. see
hormones
anemia, 157, 158, 215, 341
anesthetics, 263
Angelica acutiloba,
377
angina, 245, 375, 383, 384
angiogenesis, 339
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), 44, 115, 370
angle-closure glaucoma, 115
animal protein drugs, 32
anise seed, 276
ankle circumference, 252, 255, 256
ankle edema, 244
ano-genital inflammations, 54
anorexia, 114, 116, 120, 293, 377, 378
anovulatory cycles, 65, 70, 151
antacids, 282, 302
Anthemis spp., 54,
56
anthocyanidins, 6
anthocyanins, 7, 77
anthocyanosides, 6, 7
anti-inflammatories
berberine,
231
bilberry, 7
cat’s claw,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 33
cayenne, 49
chamomile,
55
cranberry
combination, 76
feverfew,
139
flax, 147
ginger, 175
horse
chestnut, 251
licorice,
277
milk
thistle, 289
Padma®28/Basic,
383, 384
Phytodolor®,
385
Pycnogenol®,
370
saw
palmetto, 313
Sinupret®,
388
antibacterials
Asian
ginseng, 217, 225
berberine,
232, 234
chamomile,
55
cranberry,
76, 77, 82
feverfew,
139
garlic, 158
ginger, 175
goldenseal,
231
Hochu-ekki-to®,
377
peppermint,
301
Sinupret®,
388
St. John’s
wort, 325
antibiotic potentiation, 102
antibody production, 90
anticoagulants. see
also thrombosis; warfarin
interaction
with Asian ginseng, 217
interaction
with cat’s claw, 32
interaction
with feverfew, 140
interaction
with garlic, 159, 160
interaction
with ginkgo, 190
interaction
with goldenseal, 231
interaction
with horse chestnut, 252
interaction
with saw palmetto, 313
interaction
with St. John’s wort, 326
antifungals, 157, 158, 175
antimetabolite drugs, 101
antioxidants
American
ginseng, 205
bilberry, 7
cat’s claw,
26, 27, 29, 36
cranberry,
77
eleuthero,
101
flax, 146
garlic,
157, 158
ginger, 175
ginkgo, 189
hawthorn,
240
horse
chestnut, 251
licorice,
277, 279, 283
milk
thistle, 289
Padma®28/Basic,
383
Pycnogenol®,
370
tea, 338,
339, 340, 346
antitumor. see
tumor inhibitors
antivirals. see also
herpes
general,
301
HIV (human
immunodeficiency virus), 90, 206, 216, 223, 375
influenza
virus, 325
polio
virus, 77
retrovirus,
27, 29, 38, 325
rhinovirus,
30, 175
vesicular
stomatitis virus, 30
anxiety
as adverse
effect, 340
anxiety
disorder, 262
anxiety-like
conditions, 100
and
cerebral insufficiency, 191, 196
in
childbirth, 60
as
contraindication, 114, 340
and
insomnia, 100, 354, 362
premenstrual,
71
reduced
symptoms, 245, 266, 270, 331, 333, 357, 361
sedation,
354
anxiolytics, 55, 216, 263, 265, 266
aphrodisiacs, 215
aphthous ulcers, 276, 279, 282
apigenins, 54, 55, 301, 325
apoptosis, 27, 29, 146, 148, 152, 189, 313, 373
appetite, premenstrual, 71
appetite reduction, 215, 264, 295, 377
Aquilegiae vulgaris,
383
arabinogalactans, 89, 277
arabinose, 77, 89, 147, 312, 370
arabinoxylan, 89
arachidonic acid, 127, 162, 170, 231
Arctostaphylos
uva-ursi, 76
arcurcumene, 174
arginine, 355
Arkocaps®, 341, 403
Arkopharma Laboratories, 341, 405
arnica hypersensitivity, 55, 90
aromatase, 387
arrest of descent, in childbirth, 133
arrhythmia. see also
heart rate
as adverse
effect, 115
animal
studies, 277
cardiac
arrhythmia, 115
cardiovascular
antiarrhythmic action, 231
drug
interactions, 278
effect of
hawthorn, 244
effect of
valerian, 355
proarrhythmic
action, 231
respiratory
sinus arrhythmia (RSA), 271
tachycardia,
66, 114, 115, 234, 278, 361
ventricular
arrhythmia, 231, 234, 278
Artemisia absinthium,
288
arteries. see also
atherosclerosis; vascular conditions
aortic
stiffness, 157, 169
arterial
compliance, 150
arterial
pressure, 60, 150
coronary
artery, 182, 231, 240
peripheral
arterial occlusive disease (PAOD)
and
garlic, 156, 162, 170
and
ginkgo, 188, 189, 191, 192, 197
and
Padma®28, 383, 384
radial
artery pulse, 205
arteriosclerotic dementia, 196
arthritis. see also
osteoarthritis
chronic
epicondylitis, 386
general,
140, 148, 289
psoriatic,
128, 132
rheumatoid
adjunct
therapy, 27
ineffective
treatments, 140, 142, 148, 152
morning
stiffness, 28, 33, 37, 134
pain
reduction, 28, 33, 42, 45, 50
potential
treatment, 126, 146, 385, 386
reduced
inflammation, 49
articanin, 139
articular index, 134
arylamine N-acetyltransferase, 277
ascorbic acid, 43
ash, common, 385
Asian ginseng, 100, 204, 211–225, 377, 410
aspartate aminotransferase (AST), 264, 289, 293, 294, 346,
378
aspen, 385
aspirin, 43, 44, 47, 113, 116, 140, 160, 190
ASTA Medica AG, 57
aster hypersensitivity, 55
asthenia/weakness
as adverse
effect, 115, 378
from
cerebrovascular insufficiency, 197
debility,
100
from
diabetic neuropathy, 134
functional
asthenia, 100, 339
menopausal,
223
psychophysical,
224
symptom of
liver disease, 264, 293
in TCM
theory, 215
asthma. see also
hypersensitivity; respiratory tract conditions
as adverse
effect, 160
bronchial,
112, 276
bronchial
relaxation, 216, 341
and
ephedra, 110, 112
and ginkgo,
191, 198
and
Pycnogenol®, 369, 370, 371, 373
traditional
Chinese medicine, 205, 276
Astragalus
membranaceus, 377
astringents, xx, 7, 55, 56, 59, 76
ataxia, 30, 355
atherosclerosis
aortic, 345
atherogenesis,
146, 150
atherogenic
index, 339, 347
general,
100, 175, 215, 370, 383
plaque,
156, 158, 161, 169
risk
reduction, 146, 147, 153, 156, 157, 161, 338
treatment,
162, 346
athletes, 91, 96, 102, 105, 112, 113, 218
athletic performance. see
also exercise
and American
ginseng, 206, 209
and Asian
ginseng, 214, 218, 222, 223, 224
and
ephedra, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114
physical
fitness, 105, 223
atopic dermatitis, 126, 127, 128, 132, 133
Atractylodes lancea,
377
atrial fibrillation, chronic, 199
attention. see
concentration
aucubin, 65
auditory disturbances, 102
auditory reaction time, 224
Australian Antigen Positive hepatitis, 380
autoimmune diseases, 31, 90, 91, 375. see also HIV
Axsain®, 45, 48, 49, 398
Ayurvedic medicine, 366, 367
Azadirachta indica,
383
azinobis ethyl benzthiazoline sulfonic acid (ABTS), 27
Azo-Cranberry®, 78, 81, 398
B
Bacillus spp.,
158, 301
bacteria levels, fecal, 349
bacterial adherence, 77
bacterial clearance, 217, 225
bacteriostatic effects, 55, 114, 301
bacteriuria, 77, 78, 81, 82
baldrinal, 355
Ballota spp., 361
Baptisia tinctoria,
89, 92, 375
barbital metabolism, 101
barbiturates, 102, 265, 356
barium enemas, 300, 302, 305
barley, 409
barringtogenol, 251
bathmotropic effects, 239
Bayer Vital GmbH & Co., 328, 405
Beaufour-Ipsen, 405
behavior
activities
of daily living (ADL), 189
activity
levels, 106
aggressiveness,
71, 355
behavioral
disturbances, 362
fearful
behaviors, 355
obsessive-compulsive
disorder, 324, 327, 334
restless
behaviors (see under nervous
conditions)
sleep
behavior, 245
social
behavior, 195, 197
benefits of herbal products, xxi
Bengal quince, 383
benign prostatic hyperplasia, 115, 265, 312, 314, 317–319,
387
Benton Test of Visual Retention, 195
benzodiazepines, 265, 270, 354, 355, 356, 357, 363
benzoic acid, 370
benzopyrene binding, 127
benzoyl peroxide-induced tumors, 289
berberastine, 231
berberine, 230–232
beta-blocker drugs, 114, 115
beta-carotene, 382
bias against herbal medicine, xxv, 409
bifidobacteria levels, 349
bilberry, 3–12,
409
bile. see also
gallbladder
cholagogic
agents, 175, 232, 289, 301
cholangitis,
294
cholestatic
liver disorders, 264, 277
ducts,
obstructions, 264, 302
ducts,
spasms, 300
salts, 289
bilirubin, 231, 232, 289, 293, 294, 378, 380
bilobalide, 189, 190
binomial names, xix
Bio-Biloba®, 192, 199, 400
Bio-Quinone, 199
Bioforce AG, 91, 252, 328, 405
biological-protectives, 101
biomembrane damage, 158
Bionorica AG, 67, 381, 388, 405
bird pepper, 42
birth control pills. see
contraceptives
bisabolane sesquiterpenes, 55
bisabolol, 60
bisaolene, 174
black cohosh, 13–22,
409, 410
Blackmores, Ltd., 176, 181, 405
Blackmores ginger, 400
bladder, neurogenic, 78, 81
bladder, pediatric neuropathic, 78, 82
bladder cancer, 157, 158, 222
bladder outlet obstruction, 314, 319
bladder surgery, 82
bladder tonic, 76
bleeding. see
hemorrhage/bleeding
bloating, 54, 70, 71, 128, 300, 306
blood. see also
circulation; hemorrhage/bleeding; thrombosis
bleeding
time, 176, 182
blood
viscosity, 152
clots (see thrombosis)
ecchymoses,
372
erythrocytes,
289, 373
erythrocytosis,
32
hematomas,
160, 250, 252, 258
hemodynamic
properties, 231
hemoglobin,
222
hyperemia,
43, 47
hypoxia,
101, 188, 189, 191, 200
ischemia,
169, 189, 231, 289, 339, 341, 345
leukemia,
30, 31, 101
leukocytes,
27, 28, 29, 33, 36, 37, 89, 223
leukopenia,
29, 375
plasma, 32
plasma
antioxidant activity, 338, 341, 345, 346
plasma
protein binding, 252
serum
microglobulin, 223
serum
protein carbonyl content, 150
blood alcohol levels, 217, 364
blood glucose/glycemia
increased
by
ephedra, 113
reduced
by
American ginseng, 205, 209, 217, 222
by
bilberry, 6
by
eleuthero, 101, 102
by
garlic, 157
by
milk thistle, 295
and
thermogenesis, 121
unchanged
by
flax, 148, 152
by
garlic, 161, 168
blood pressure
increased
by
chamomile, 60
by
ephedra, 115, 121
by
licorice, 283
by
tea, 345
reduced
by cat’s claw, 29
by
ephedra, 112, 114, 120
by
garlic, 157, 161, 167
by
hawthorn, 244
by
Pycnogenol®, 373
by
valerian, 355
unaffected
by garlic, 169
blue cohosh hypersensitivity, 381
BNO-1095, 67, 69, 398
Boehringer-Ingelheim, 405
bone cancer, 127
bone formation, 152
bone loss/resorption, 17, 146, 148, 152. see also osteoporosis
bone marrow transplants, 31
bone mineral density, 349
bonnet pepper, 42
Borago officinalis,
128
borborygmi, 305
bornyl acetate, 65, 139
bornyl angelate, 139
botanical nomenclature, xix
bowel conditions
anal
prolapse, 377
colonoscopy,
300
colostomies,
300, 305
constipation,
32, 115, 146, 371
diverticulitis,
146
fecal
flora, 339, 341, 349
fecal
moisture, 339, 349
hemorrhoids,
12, 44, 250, 377
ileus
(bowel obstruction), 147
irritable
bowel, 44, 146, 300, 302, 305–306
light-colored
stools, 264
loose
stools, 128
pH, 339,
349
polyps,
colorectal, 161, 170, 306
bowel movements, 152, 306
brain cancer, 33, 37
brands of herbal products, xxiii, xxviii
breast cancer
apoptosis,
370
growth
suppression, 17, 18, 30, 77, 127, 147, 206, 340
recurrence
reduction, 338, 347
risk
reduction, 146, 148, 151, 157
unaffected,
222
breast swelling/tenderness, 12, 64, 66, 70, 71, 372. see also under pain
breath odor, 160
bromazepam, 266, 270
bromocriptine, 115, 131
bromsulphalein, 294, 295
bronchial asthma, 112, 276
bronchitis. see also
respiratory tract conditions
bacterial
clearance, 217, 225
and common
cold, 94
general
treatment, 110, 276, 375, 388, 389
and
influenza, 105
macrophage
activity, 225
bronchoconstriction, 44, 139, 189
bronchodilation, 112, 113, 115, 216, 341
bronchospasms, 112, 388
brown adipose tissue (BAT), 113, 115–116
Brown’s pepper, 42
BT-549 cells, 30
buchu leaf, 76
bufexamac, 59
Bupleurum falcatum,
377
burden of proof in herbal safety, xx
Burkholderia
pseudomallei, 264
burning sensation, 49
burns, 324
butyrophenones, 290, 295
C
C-MED-100®, 33, 36, 398
C-peptide level, 189
caffeic acid, 89, 239, 301, 325, 355, 370
caffeine, 216, 240, 338, 339, 341
caffeine-ephedrine interaction, 111, 112, 113–114, 115–116,
120
caffeine-ginseng synergy, 217
caftaric acid, 89
calcium antagonists, 30
calcium excretion, urinary, 83
calcium mobilization, 313
calcium oxalate stones, 78
calendula, 383
calgranulin activity, 370
Camellia sinensis,
115, 335–349
CAMOCARE®, 57, 398
Campamed, LLC, 32, 405
campesterol, 28, 30, 127, 147, 289
camphor, 139, 355, 357, 383
canadaline, 231
canadine, 231
cancer. see
bladder cancer; bone cancer; brain cancer; breast cancer; cervical cancer;
colorectal cancer; endometrial cancer; esophageal cancer; laryngeal cancer;
liver cancer; lung cancer; oral cancer; ovarian cancer; pancreatic cancer;
prostate cancer; renal cancer; skin cancer; stomach cancer
cancer prevention. see
chemoprevention; tumor inhibitors
cancer treatment
cancer
therapy adjuncts, 27, 33, 37, 100, 191, 232
chemotherapy
side effects, 29, 54, 59, 158, 174, 183, 377
extracorporeal
chemotherapy (photopheresis), 183
interaction
with cat’s claw, 32
radiation
therapy, 27, 29, 33, 37, 54, 59, 100, 158, 375
Candida spp., 158,
301, 325
candidiasis, 76, 88, 90, 91, 96, 162, 170
canin, 139
Cantox Health Sciences International (CHSI), 112
Cantox Toxicological Review, 113
caper stem bark, 76
capillary fragility, 6, 7, 12
capillary permeability, 7, 190, 251
Capparis spinosa,
379
capsaicin, 42, 43
capsaicinoids, 43
Capsicum spp., xx,
39–50
Capsig®, 45, 50, 398
captopril, 244
carbamazepine clearance, 326, 334
carbohydrate oxidation, 43, 47
carboxy alkyl esters (CAEs), 26, 27, 28, 29, 32
carboxystrictosidine, 28
cardiac assessments
cardiac
index, 60, 231, 234
cardiac
muscle strength, 175
cardiac
output, 60, 245
cardiac
work tolerance, 239
cardio-respiratory
endurance, 204
conductive
dysfunction (ECGs), 334
echocardiography,
241, 244
electrocardiograms
(ECGs), 245, 334
heart
function, 120
pressure/rate
product, 239, 244, 245
radionuclide
angio-cardiography, 245
stroke
index (stroke volume), 60, 231, 234
ventricular
ejection fraction, 231, 234, 238, 239, 244, 245
cardiac disorders. see
also heart rate; vascular conditions
angiocardiopathy,
215
anxiety-related,
361
atrial
fibrillation, chronic, 199
cardiac
failure, 215, 230, 234, 238, 241, 244, 245
cardiac
insufficiency, 191, 200, 239, 241, 244, 245, 355
cardiogenic
shock, 215
coronary
disease, 114, 161, 169, 245, 338, 341, 346, 347
flax as
heart attack preventive, 148
heart
irregularities as adverse effect, 340
myocardial
infarction, 101, 115, 150, 161, 241, 338, 339, 341, 346
myocarditis,
115
nervous
heart complaints, 238
non-specific,
355
NYHA Stages
I, II, or III, 238, 239, 241, 244, 245
pressure in
cardiac region, 238
and
valerian, 355, 357
cardiac function. see
also cardiac assessments; exercise
bathmotropic
effects, 239
chronotropic
effects, 30, 355
dromotropic
effects, 239
inotropic
effects, 30, 231, 239, 240, 355
physical
fitness, 105, 223
stamina,
102, 105
cardiac glycosides, 115, 240
cardiotonics, 240
cardamom, 383
carminatives, 55, 301
carotenoids, 43
carvone, 301
caryophyllene, 65
cascara sagrada, xx
Cassia occidentalis,
379
Cassia senna, xx
casticin, 64, 65
catalase, 339, 370
cataracts, 6
catechin bioavailability, 349
catechins
antioxidant
activity, 345, 346
bio-availability,
349
component
of bilberry, 7
component
of cat’s claw, 28
component
of cranberry, 77
component
of St. John’s wort, 325
component
of tea, 338, 339
component
of Pycnogenol, 369, 370
and oxygen
consumption, 115-116
and phagocytosis,
30
catechol-O-methyl transferase, 116, 340
catecholamines, 44, 47, 209, 224
Catharanthus roseus,
xvii
catheterization, cardiac, 57, 60
catheterization, urinary, 81
cat’s claw, 23–38,
409, 410
Caulophyllum
thalictroides, 381
Caved-S®, 279, 282, 401
cayenne, 39–50,
409
cayenne hypersensitivity, 44
CD4 cells, 27, 29, 33, 37, 38, 215, 223
CD8 cells, 37, 293
celandine, 264
cell proliferation, prostatic, 313
cell viability, 158. see
also cytoprotectants
cellular defense, 105
cellular immune system, 101
Center for Foods and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), xviii
central nervous system, 101, 190, 191, 199, 363
central nervous system depressants, 55, 265, 357
central nervous system stimulants, 113, 114, 325, 339
Cephaelis ipecacuanha,
xx
cerebral conditions. see
craniocerebral conditions
cervical cancer, 222
cervix, cytological smears, 223
Cetraria islandica,
383
CFSAN Adverse Event Reporting System (CAERS), xviii
Chai-Na-Ta®, 400
Chai-Na-Ta Corp., 206, 209, 405
chalcones, 263, 277
Chamaemelum nobile,
54, 56
chamazulene, 55, 59, 60
chamomile, 276, 409
chamomile, German, 51–60
chamomile hypersensitivity, 90, 139
Chamomilla recutita,
51–60
chaste tree, 61–72
chaste tree hypersensitivity, 381
chebulic myrobalan, 383
chelation of metal ions, 205, 383
Chelidonium majus,
264
chemical standardization, xix
chemistry of herbs, xxvi
chemoprevention
breast
cancer, 340
colon
cancer, 347
general, 7,
101, 162, 175, 277, 279
liver
cancer, 283
oral
cancer, 347
chemoprotection (against DMBA, urethane, aflatoxin), 216
childbirth. see
pregnancy
children. see also
infants
bronchospasms,
112
contraindicated,
31, 114, 139, 251, 302, 356, 377, 385
coughs, 276
dermatitis,
132
diarrhea,
6, 54, 57, 60
giardiasis,
234
and herbal
product storage, xxv
infections,
76, 78, 81, 82, 383
motion
sickness, 179
chili pepper, 42
Chinese goldthread rhizome, 76
Chinese multi-herb products, 366
chlamydia, 231
Chlamydia trachomatis,
234
chlorogenic acid, 89, 231, 239, 301, 325, 355
chlorothiazide, 278
chlorpromazine, 355
chlorthalidone, 278
cholchicine, xvii
cholelithiasis. see
under gallbladder
cholera, 231
cholesterol. see
lipids
choline, 55, 325, 355
cholinesterase, 191, 301
Chondrodendron
tomentosum, xvii
chronic fatigue syndrome, 100, 377
chronotropic effects, 30, 355
chrysanthemum hypersensitivity, 55, 90, 139
Chrysanthemum
parthenium, 135–142
chrysanthenyl acetate, 139
Ciba-Geigy AG, 67, 358, 405
cicatrizing activity, 90
cichoric acid, 89
Cichorium intybus,
379
cimetidine, 265, 282
Cimicifuga racemosa,
13–22, 410
Cimicifuga simplex,
377
cimicifugoside, 17
cimigoside, 17
cimiracemosides, 17
cinchonain, 28, 30
cineole, 65, 301
cinnamic acid, 370
Cinnamomum camphora,
355, 383
circulation. see also
vascular conditions
capillaries,
6, 7, 12, 190, 251, 370
cerebral
circulation, 114, 189
circulatory
complaints, as adverse effects, 32
coronary
circulation, 239, 245, 355
general,
206, 216, 218, 383
impaired
circulation, 18
microcirculation,
6, 157, 169, 371, 373
peripheral,
8, 157, 162, 170
cirrhosis, 232, 277, 290, 293, 294, 380
cisapride, 302, 307
citric acid, 77, 113
Citrus unshiu, 377
clary sage, 57, 60
clavulanic acid, 217
Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale, 22, 71, 195, 307,
331, 332, 333, 334
Clinical Overview, xxix
clinical studies, xxviii
clobazam, 361
Clostridium spp.,
158
clots, blood. see
thrombosis
clotting time, 157, 160, 217
clove, 383
CNT2000™, 206, 400
co-dergocrine, 191
Cognex, 295
cognition. see also
concentration; memory
abstract
thinking skills, 224
alertness,
102, 223, 224, 325, 357, 364, 377
Alzheimer’s/dementia,
188, 189, 191, 195, 196
amnesia,
205, 216
cognitive
impairment in elderly, 191, 195, 197
cognitive/mental
performance
and
American ginseng, 205, 209
and
Asian ginseng, 215, 224
effects
of alcohol, 265
and
eleuthero, 102, 106
and
flax, 147
and
ginkgo, 191, 192, 197
and
kava, 266, 271
and
peppermint, 308
and
Pycnogenol®, 370
and
St. John’s wort, 325
and
valerian, 364
cognitive
restructuring, 114
error-detection
in proofreading, 205, 206, 209, 224
errors of
commision, 308
figure
connection test, 196
impaired
judgment, 356
learning
enhancement, 189, 195, 196
mathematical
performance, 197, 209
psychometric
performance, 364
vigilance,
197, 308, 364
word
recognition tasks, 197
coitus frequency, 225
Cola nitida, 111,
116
Cola spp., 120,
361
Colchicum autumnale,
xvii
cold exposure/hypothermia, 188, 198, 216, 355
cold limbs (TCM theory), 215
cold receptors, nasal, 301
cold sensations, neuropathic, 134
cold sores, 375
cold sweats, 180
colic, 276
collagen, 7, 139, 169, 231, 290
collagenosis, 90, 375
colorectal cancer
diallyl
disulfide as preventative, 158
flax as
preventative, 147
garlic as
preventative, 156, 157, 161, 162, 170
2nd line
treatment, 191, 199
tea as
preventative, 338, 340, 341, 347, 348
colostomies, 300, 305
Colpermin®, 302, 305, 306, 402
columbine, 383
combinations of herbs. see
herbal combinations
Commission on Dietary Supplement Labels, xxi
common ash, 385
common colds. see also
respiratory tract conditions
nasal
congestion, 112
prevention,
223
treatment,
54, 57, 60, 91, 94, 95, 156
complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), xxi–xxii
concentration (mental)
and
cerebral insufficiency, 188, 189, 191, 195, 196
effects of
eleuthero, 102, 106
effects of
ginseng, 224
effects of peppermint,
308
effects of
St. John’s wort, 325
effects of
valerian, 357, 364
and
fatigue, 100
and
premenstrual syndrome, 71
prolonged
attention, 308
conjunctivitis, allergic, 55
constipation, 32, 115, 146, 371
consumer use of herbal supplements, xvii, xxi
ConsumerLab.com, xvii
contraceptives, 8, 12, 26, 66, 326
contraindications, xxvii
contrast sensitivity, 100, 106
convalescence, 100
conventional drugs from plants, xvii
conventional medicine, xxi–xxiii
cooling effects, 55, 56, 59
cooling (TCM theory), 366
coordination, 224, 265
copper serum concentrations, 294
Coptis chinensis,
76, 230
CoQ10, 199
coronary artery, 182, 231, 240
coronary circulation, 239, 245, 355
corpus luteum abnormalities, 64, 66, 69, 70, 381
corticoid treatments, 278
corticosteroids, 90, 115, 258
cortisol, 96, 326, 333
corynantheine, 28, 30
corynoxeine, 28, 30
corypalmine, 231
coryza, acute, 112
costus, 383
coughs, 44, 114, 156, 205, 215, 276. see also respiratory tract conditions
Coumadin®, 159, 160, 170
cowslip, 276
cramps, menstrual, 370
cramps, muscular, 12, 250, 257, 370, 372, 383
cranberry, 73–83,
409, 410
craniocerebral conditions
brain
activity, 189, 199
brain cell
protection, 370
brain
development, 147
brain
injuries, 308
brain
tumors, 37
cerebral
circulation, 114, 189
cerebral
cortex function, 205
cerebral
insufficiency, 188, 189, 191, 195, 196, 197
cerebral
ischemia, 189
hypoxia,
101, 188, 189, 191, 200
intracranial
pressure, 250, 252, 258
strokes,
115, 341
crataegolic acid, 239
Crataegus laevigata,
235–245
Crataegus monogyna,
235–245
Crataegus Special Extract WS-1442, 241, 244, 245, 401
Crataegus spp.,
238, 355, 357, 361
Crataegutt®, 241, 245, 401
Crataeva nurvala,
76
creatinine, 147, 152
cryoprecipitates, 32
cryptococcal meningitis, 157
Cryptococcus spp.,
157, 158
Cucurbita pepo,
382
cumaric acid, 370
cyanidin, 7, 77
cyanogenic glycosides, 147
cyclamen hypersensitivity, 381
cyclic AMP, 7, 158, 239-240
cyclic GMP synthesis, 216
cyclooxygenase (COX), 29, 30, 313
cyclosporine, 90, 326
cynarin, 89
cysteine sulfoxides, 157
cystic granular hyperplasia of endometrium, 70
cysticidal activity, 231
cytochrome P450, 56, 277, 326
cytokines, 29, 90, 152, 158
cytoprotectants, 27, 42, 127
cytotoxic lymphocytes, 289, 293
cytotoxicity, 29, 30, 90, 101, 105, 139, 158, 370
D
daily value (nutrients), xxiv
daisy hypersensitivity, 139
Dalidar Pharma, 176, 405
dammarane-type glycosides, 205
dammarane-type saponins, 215
danazol, 131
dandelion, 409
Dansk Droge A/S, 219, 405
Dansk Droge Ginseng, 219, 222, 401
Datura stramonium,
xvii
daucosterol, 101
deafness, 188, 191, 199
deathcap mushroom poisoning, 289
deaths, 115
defecation. see
bowel movements
delphinidin, 7
dementia, 188, 189, 191, 195, 196. see also memory
demulcents, xx, 276, 277
deodorants, 55
deoxyribose degradation, 27, 29
depolarization in ventricles, 334
depression
antidepressant
drugs, 190, 326, 327, 334
antidepressant
effects, 216, 324, 325, 355
and
cerebral insufficiency, 188, 196
as
contraindication, 114, 189, 264
and
dementia, 195
depressive syndrome,
224
menopausal,
16, 18, 22, 223, 270
mild to
moderate depression, 324, 325, 327, 331–333, 334
premenstrual,
71
severe
depression, 191, 200, 327, 328, 331
depsides, 339
dermatological conditions. see also herpes; pruritus/itching
abrasions,
54, 57, 59, 90
acne, 32,
64, 66, 67, 72, 381
bacterial
infections, 375
bruises (see hematomas)
cicatrizing
activity, 90
dermatitis
atopic,
126, 127, 128, 132, 133
in
children, 126, 132
chronic,
128, 132
contact,
55, 56, 139, 160, 252
neurodermatitis,
54, 59, 90
seborrhoeic,
126
ulcerative,
12
zosteriform,
160
dry skin,
132
dyschromia,
12
ecchymoses,
372
eczema, 90,
128, 377
epidermal
thinning, 133
erythema,
83, 132, 326, 333, 388
exanthemas,
66, 381, 388
hair loss,
66
ichthyosis,
264
inflammatory
dermatoses, 54, 57, 59
lichenoid
reaction, 302
melanin
index, 333
pemphigus,
160
peristomial
conditions, 83
perspiration,
16, 17, 113, 361, 377
psoriasis,
42, 45, 49, 370
purpuras, 6
rashes, 66,
69, 378
rete ridge flattening,
133
rubefacients,
43
shingles
(herpes zoster), 42
skin
cancer, 127, 175, 289
skin
lesions/ulcers, 43, 44, 49, 251
skin
metabolism stimulants, 55
skin odor,
160
skin
reactions, non-specific, 71
uremic skin
symptoms, 126, 128, 132
urticaria,
44, 55, 66, 160, 378
vesiculation,
388
wounds, 55,
88, 90, 251, 324
descriptions of herbs, xxvi
detoxifying enzymes, 339
detrusor pressure, 319
detumescence, early, 216
dexamethasone clearance, 115
diabetes. see also
insulin
as
contraindication, 114, 277
lactose-
and gluten-free tablets, 383
and liver
disease, 288, 295
nephropathy,
127
neuropathy,
42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 128, 133, 134
non-insulin
dependent (type II), 152, 204, 205, 206, 209, 214, 218, 222
retinopathy,
6, 11, 369
streptozotocin-induced,
127
traditional
Chinese medicine, 215
treatment,
7, 102
diallyl sulfides, 157, 158
diaphoretics, 113
diarrhea
bacterial,
231, 234
in cancer
patients, 377
in
children, 6, 54, 57, 60
in cholera
patients, 231, 234
dysentery,
102
general,
230, 232
in HIV
patients, 162, 170
symptomatic
treatment, 338
diarrhea, as adverse effect
Asian
ginseng, 217
cat’s claw,
32
cranberry,
78
eleuthero,
102
feverfew,
139, 140
Hochu-ekki-to®,
377
milk
thistle, 295
Pycnogenol®,
371
St. John’s
wort, 334
Diarrhoesan®, 57, 60, 398
diastolic blood pressure reduction
by garlic,
157, 161, 167, 168, 170
by
goldenseal, 231, 234
by
hawthorn, 244
by
Pycnogenol®, 373
diazepam, 22, 181, 355, 357, 361
diclofenac, 386
dietary fiber intake, 151
dietary/herbal supplements, xvii–xxi, xxiv, xxvii, 110–112,
115, 368, 409
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA),
xvii, xx, xxi, 368
dietetic technicians, xvi, 431
dieticians, xvi, 431
DietMax®, 116, 120, 399
Difrarel™, 8, 11, 398
digitalis glycosides, 240, 278
Digitalis spp.,
xvii
digoxin, xvii, 102, 240, 326
dihomogammalinolenic acid (DGLA), 127
dilantin, 290
dimenhydrinate, 176, 179, 180
diosmetin, 301
diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 27, 29
dipyridamole, 341
disclaimers, xxiv, 368
disjunctive reaction time, 224
disorientation, 265
diuresis, 198, 338, 340. see
also urodynamics
diuretics, 76, 113, 190, 278, 301, 313
dizziness, 114, 188, 191, 196, 197, 223, 265. see also vertigo
as adverse
effect, 31, 190, 217, 371
DMBA resistance, 216
DNA protection, 370
DNA repair, 27, 28, 29, 33, 36
DNA synthesis, 17
don quai, 409
donepezil, 191
dopamine, 65, 66, 115, 251, 252, 265, 325
dosages, xxvi
Dr. Loges & Co. GmbH, 57, 405
Dr. Mewes Heilmittel GmbH, 103, 405
Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH & Co., 192, 241, 253, 266, 303,
315, 357, 376, 387, 405
Dramamine®, 176
driving impairment, 356, 357, 364
dromotropic effects, 239
droperidol, 181
drug interactions. see
herb-drug interactions
dry throat, 205
Duboisia spp.,
xvii
duration of administration, xxvi
dyschromia, 12
dysentery, 102
dyspepsia. see also
gastrointestinal conditions
as adverse
effect, 69, 139, 356
gastritis,
acute, 44, 231, 301
gastritis,
general, 28, 33, 37, 146, 230
non-ulcer,
300, 302, 307
treatment,
54, 230, 276, 288
dysphoria, 71, 205
dyspnea/shortness of breath, 114, 215, 238, 239, 244, 245
dysuria, 313, 318, 339. see
also urodynamics
E
eating disorders
anorexia,
114, 116, 120, 293, 377, 378
appetite
reduction, 215, 264, 295, 377
bulimia,
116
ecchymoses, 372
echinacea, 85–96,
409, 410
Echinacea
angustifolia, 88–90, 375
Echinacea pallida,
88–90, 375
Echinacea Plus®, 91, 94, 399
Echinacea purpurea,
88–90, 375
Echinacin®, 91, 95, 96, 105, 399
echinacoside, 89
Echinaforce®, 91, 94, 96, 399
EchinaGuard®, 91, 94, 399
econazole nitrate cream, 96
EcoNugenics, Inc., 383, 405
Ecstasy, 110
edema
as adverse
effect, 278
ankle, 244
cerebral,
189
general,
251, 313, 339
inflammations,
29
nephritis,
112
post-traumatic,
250
postoperative,
250
during
pregnancy, 12
pulmonary,
278
with Raynaud’s,
12
vascular
disorders, 12, 250, 255, 256, 257, 370, 372
Efamast®, 128, 131, 399
Efamol®, 128, 131, 132, 133, 134
Efamol Nutraceuticals Inc., 405
EGb-761, 192, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 400
eicosanoid synthesis, 139, 182
ejaculation volume, 319
ejaculatory disturbances, 313, 317. see also reproduction
Eladon Ltd., 103, 405
Elagen®, 103, 105, 399
elder, 388
elderberry, 409
elderly patients, 77, 78, 82, 195–197, 224, 334, 377
Elettaria cardamomum,
383
Eleugetic®, 103, 399
Eleukokk®, 103, 105, 399
eleuthero, 97–106
Eleutherococcus
senticosus, 97–106, 204, 218
eleutherosides, 101
embolisms. see
thrombosis
emesis, 12, 55, 174, 175, 176, 305. see also vomiting
emetics, xx
emmenagogues, 18, 139
endometrial cancer, 161
endometrium, 17, 70, 369, 373
endoscopy, 306
endothelin, 205
energetics (TCM theory), 366
energy, 216, 224, 341, 345
English plantain, 383
ENRECO, Inc., 148, 405
enterobacteriaceae levels, fecal, 349
Enterococcus faecalis,
77
Enteroplant®, 303, 307, 402
Enzymatic Therapy, Inc., 117, 405
Ephedra sinica,
xvii, 107–121, 410
ephedrine, xvii, 110–112, 113
epicondylitis, chronic, 386
epidermal growth factor, 317
epilepsy, temporal lobe, 128
epileptic patients, 127, 128, 190. see also seizures
epinephrine, 47, 121, 169, 240
epithelial tissue, 29, 313, 314
Epogam®, 128, 132, 133
erectile dysfunction, 215, 216, 218, 225
as adverse
effect, 313, 319
ergogenic effects, 218, 222
ergogenic parameters, 102
ergogenic response, 209
ergometry, 209, 244, 245
ergospirometry, 244
eructation, 307
erysipelas, swine, 301
erythrocytes, 289, 373
erythrocytosis, 32
Esberitox®, 92, 94, 95, 96, 375, 399
Escalation™, 117, 120, 399
Escherichia coli,
77, 231, 234, 301, 384
Escherichia spp.,
158
escin, 251, 252
esculetin, 251, 252
esculin, 251
esophageal cancer, 215, 222, 338, 341, 348
esophageal reflux, 302
esophageal sphincter, 301
essential fatty acids (EFAs), 126, 127, 128, 132, 133, 134
Essential Nutrient Research Corp. (ENRECO), 148, 405
Essentially Pure Ingredients™, 162–163, 405
Essex cream, 49
estrogen receptor modulator, selective (SERM), 21
estrogen receptors, 18, 217, 277, 340
estrogenic effects, 17, 18, 21, 206, 217
estrogens, 17, 21, 65, 151, 152, 313. see also hormones
etoposide, xvii
eubacteria levels, fecal, 349
eudesmolides, 138, 139
Euminz®, 303, 308, 402
Euphytose®, 357, 361, 403
European goldenrod, 385
European multi-herb products, 366
Eurovita Extracts, 176, 182
Euvegal®, 357, 363, 364, 403
evening primrose, 123–134,
409
EV.Ext-33, 400
EV.Ext-77, 400
evidence-based medicine, xxiii
Excel, 117, 399
Excel Corporation, 117
excess gas production, 54, 300
exercise
aerobic,
105, 222
and
coronary disease, 241, 244, 245
endurance,
101, 205, 209, 214, 218, 223, 384
ephedra/caffeine
effects, 114
immunologic
effects, 96
exhaustion, 12, 105, 209, 377. see also fatigue
Exolise®, 341, 345, 403
expectoration, 276, 277, 389
Expended Mental Control Test, 195
expiration dates, xxv
expiratory flow, 225
exudates, 251, 313
eyebright, 409
eyes. see
ophthalmic conditions
eyewashes, 230, 232
F
factor XIII activity, 231
falcarindiol, 205
farnesene, 139
Faros®, 241, 244, 401
fat. see adipose
tissue
fat composition of human milk, 127, 128, 134
fat intake, 151
fatigue
as adverse
effect, 66, 361
and
cardiovascular disorders, 238, 244, 255
chronic,
100, 377
and common
colds, 95
from exercise,
102, 105, 214
general,
218, 222, 324, 327, 333
premenstrual,
71
prostration,
215
fatigue syndrome, chronic, 100, 377
fecal odor, colostomies, 300, 305
Femicur®, 67, 70, 398
fennel seed, 276
ferric-reducing ability, 345
Ferrosan A/S, 176, 406
fertility
general,
215, 218
during
lactation, 66
sperm
quality, 147, 225, 369, 370
trying to
conceive, 69, 70, 381
and
valerian, 356
ferulic acid, 17, 325, 370
fever, 377
feverfew, 135–142,
409
fibrinolysis, 43, 44, 48, 157, 383, 384
fibrocystic disease, 66
fibrocystic mastopathy, 381
fibrogenesis, 290, 295
fibroid cysts, 64
fibromyalgia, 42, 45, 50, 354
fibrosis, 295, 380
finasteride, 313, 314, 317, 318, 319
flatulence, 54, 140, 295, 305, 307
flatulent digestive pains, 300
flavone glycosides, 55
flavonoid intake, 347
flavonoids, 7, 28, 139, 189, 239
flavonol glycosides, 77
flavonolignans, 289
flax, 143–152
flaxseed, 409
FlexAgility®, 400
flu. see
respiratory tract conditions
flu vaccine response, 223
fluid retention, premenstrual, 71, 381
Fluimucil, 389
flunitrazepam, 364
fluocortin butyl ester, 59
fluorouracil (5-FU), 59, 191, 199
fluoxetine, 327, 331
fluphenazine precipitation, 341
Foeniculum vulgare,
276
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), 17, 18, 21, 65, 70, 314,
318. see also hormones
Food, Drug & Cosmetics Act, xx
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), xv, xix, xxiv, 110–112,
115, 368
forced expiratory volume, 225
formononetin, 17, 277
Formula One, 110
Fraxinus excelsior,
385
free radical scavengers, 7, 29, 30, 126, 189, 205, 277, 340,
370
FreeLife International LLC, 406
French maritime pine bark extract, 369–373
frigidity, 215
fructosans, 89
G
G115®, 219, 401
GABA, 325, 355
galactose, 89, 147, 312
galactoside, 101
galacturonic acid, 147
galanga, 182
gallbladder. see also
bile
cholecystectomy,
288, 295
cholecystitis,
232, 302
cholelithiasis,
175, 302
spasms, 300
gallic acid, 370
gamma-glutamyl transferase, 134
gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), 289, 294
gamma-glutamylcysteines, 157
gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), 126, 127, 128, 132
ganglion blockage, 114
garlic, 153–170,
409
garlic hypersensitivity, 159
gastric cancer. see
stomach cancer
gastric complaints as adverse effect
black
cohosh, 18, 22
chaste
tree, 66, 69, 71, 78
feverfew,
139
ginkgo, 189
Hochu-ekki-to®,
378
horse
chestnut, 251
Mastodynon®,
381
milk
thistle, 295
Padma®28/Basic,
383
Phytodolor®,
385
Prostagutt®,
387
Pycnogenol®,
371
saw
palmetto, 313, 317
St. John’s
wort, 326, 332
tea,
340–341
valerian,
356
gastrointestinal conditions. see also bowel conditions; dyspepsia
absorption
of drugs and nutrients, 147, 341, 367, 383
achlorhydria,
302
activity of
smooth muscles
migrating
motor complex, 307
motility/spasms,
54, 175, 300, 301, 306, 355
relaxants,
301, 306, 307
spasms
during barium enemas, 300, 302, 305
spastic
colon syndrome, 306
stimulants,
43, 44, 302
bacteria
adherence to epithelium, 77
carminatives,
55, 301
colon
damage from laxative abuse, 146
colonoscopy,
300
digestive
aids, 42, 64, 339
digestive
system (TCM theory), 216
enteritis,
146
enterocolitis
drug interaction, 102
enteropathy,
29
gastric
emptying, 113, 251, 301
gastric
function, 180, 302, 377
gastritis,
acute, 44, 301
gastritis,
general, 28, 33, 37, 146, 230
gastroesophageal
reflux, 251, 302
gastrointestinal
cancer, 339, 377 (see also colorectal
cancer; stomach cancer)
gastroprotectants,
27, 29, 44, 47, 277, 289
gastroptosis,
377
ileus
(bowel obstruction), 147
inflammatory
diseases, 54
intestinal
flora, 76, 160, 339, 341, 349
mucosal
irritation, 251, 340–341
mucosal
protection, 43, 44, 47, 127
NSAID-induced
gastric lesions, 134
NSAID-induced
gastritis, 27, 29
pH in
digestive tract, 339
ulcers,
duodenal
and
cayenne, 47
and
licorice, 276, 279, 282
ulcers,
gastric
and
Asian ginseng, 215
and
cat’s claw, 26
and
cayenne, 42, 43, 44, 47
and
licorice, 276, 277, 279, 282
ulcers as
contraindication, 44, 114
Gebro Pharma GmbH, 357, 378, 406
Gefarnate, 282
GenDerm Corporation, 45, 406
General Accounting Office (GAO), 111
genetics
DNA
protection, 370
DNA repair,
27, 28, 29, 33, 36
DNA
synthesis, 17
genotoxins,
43
mutagens
antimutagenic
effects, 27, 28, 29, 339
chromosomal
aberrations, 142
photomutagenesis,
29
sister
chromatid exchanges, 142
Gentiana lutea,
388
geranial, 174
Geriaforce®, 192, 195, 400
geriatric clinical evaluation scale, 197
Gerimax®, 219, 224, 401
germacranolides, 139
germacrene, 139
German Commission E, xviii, xxi, 366
GERRI test, 195
giardiasis, 231, 234
giddiness as adverse effect, 115
ginger, 171–183,
377, 409
gingerols, 174
Ginkai®, 400
Ginkgo biloba, 185–200, 409, 410
ginkgo hypersensitivity, 189
Ginkgold®, 192, 195, 199, 400
ginkgolides, 189
Ginkoba® 400
Ginkyo®, 400
Ginsana® G115, 219, 222, 223, 224, 225, 401
ginseng, American, 201–209,
216
ginseng, Asian, 100, 204, 211–225, 377, 410
ginseng, Siberian, 100, 204
Ginseng Abuse Syndrome, 217
ginseng (non-specific), 409
ginsenosides, 204, 205, 215, 216, 218
GITLY Kava extract, 266, 270, 401
glaucoma, 114, 115, 116
GlaxoSmithKline, 19, 357, 374, 406
glomerulosclerosis, 147
glossodynia, 59
glucocorticoid drugs, 217
glucosamine, 89
glucosuria. see
urinary glucose
glutamate, 370
glutamate-dehydrogenase (GLDH), 294
glutamic acid pyruvate transaminase (GPT), 264, 378
glutamine, 355
glutamyltransferase, 264
glutathione, 289, 293, 339, 370
glycans, 113
glycated hemoglobin, 222
glycemia. see
blood glucose/glycemia
glycoproteins, 89
glycosaminoglycan hydrolases, 257
glycyrrhetic acid, 277
Glycyrrhiza spp., 273–283, 276, 377, 383
glycyrrhizin, 277
GMP phosphodiesterase, 189
GNC (General Nutrition Centers), 406
GNC’s Women’s Cycle, 398
golden cinquefoil, 383
goldenrod, European, 385
goldenrod hypersensitivity, 56
goldenseal, 76, 227–234
gonadal function, 279, 282
good agricultural practices (GAP), xix
good laboratory practices (GLP), xix
good manufacturing practices (GMP), xviii, xix, xx, xxiii
gotu kola, 409
granular layer absence, 133
granulocytes, 30, 38, 90
grape seed, 409
growth factor, 313
guaianolides, 138, 139
guanethidine, 115
guarana, 111, 116, 120, 409. see also Paullinia spp.
H
habanero pepper, 42
hairy baby syndrome, 102
halitosis, 160
haloperidol, 66, 341
halothane, 115
Hamamelis virginiana,
xx
Hamilton Anxiety (HAMA) scale, 22, 270, 331, 361
Hamilton Depression (HAMD) scale, 331, 332, 333
hangover effects, 355, 362, 364
Harmonicum Much®, 357, 362, 403
hawthorn, 235–245,
355, 357, 409
headaches. see also
migraines
cerebral
insufficiency, 188, 191, 196, 197
cluster,
42, 45, 50
dysmenorrhea,
12
general,
339
high-altitude,
101
menopausal,
17, 223
premenstrual,
70, 71, 381
severe, 114
tension,
300, 301, 302, 308
headaches, as adverse effect
black
cohosh, 18
cat’s claw,
31
chaste
tree, 66, 69
eleuthero,
102
ephedra,
115
evening
primrose, 128
ginkgo, 190
Mastodynon®,
381
Pycnogenol®,
371
saw
palmetto, 319
tea, 340
valerian,
356
Health from the Sun, 406
healthcare providers, xxi–xxiii
heart rate. see also
arrhythmia
baroreflex
control of heart rate (BRC), 271
cardiac
arrhythmia, 115, 231
and cat’s
claw, 29
chronotropic
effects, 30, 355
and
eleuthero, 105
and
ephedra, 112, 113, 121
and
exercise, 209
and
ginseng, 222
and
hawthorn, 239, 244, 245
increased
by imipramine, 334
palpitations,
16, 18, 101, 115, 189, 238, 244, 245
reduction,
29, 239, 244, 245, 355
resting
rate, 223
and
valerian, 355
heart tonics, 355
heart valves, mechanical, 199
heartbeat, rapid. see
tachycardia
HeartCare™, 401
heartleaf sida, 383
heat (TCM theory),
205, 366
heaviness in legs, 250, 255, 370
Hedychium spicatum,
383
Heilmittel, 406
Helicobacter pylori,
77, 157, 158, 277
hellebore, 217
hematomas, 160, 250, 252, 258
hemiplegia, 377
hemoglobin, 222
hemorrhage/bleeding
as adverse
effect, 160, 170, 190
bleeding
disorders, 189
breakthrough
bleeding, 326
postoperative,
6, 8, 12, 160
retinal, 6,
11
surgical,
6, 8, 12
uterine,
67, 215
vaginal,
217
hemorrhoids, 12, 44, 250, 372, 377
hepatic disorders. see
also liver cancer
alcoholic
liver disease, 288, 290, 293, 294, 380
cholangitic
hepatopathies, 294
cholestatic
liver disorders, 264, 277
chronic
liver disease, 294
cirrhosis,
232, 277, 290, 293, 294, 380
as
contraindication, 264–265, 302
diabetes
and liver disease, 288, 295
hepatic
failure, 276, 279, 283
hepatotoxicity,
90, 205, 262, 264–265, 290, 295, 383
jaundice,
231, 264
liver cell
necrosis, 294
liver
dysfunction, 264, 265, 379
hepatitis
alcoholic,
293
Australian
Antigen Positive, 380
cholestatic,
264
chronic,
276, 290, 294, 380
drug-induced,
288
infectious,
288, 380
necrotizing,
264, 265
non-specific,
215, 290
viral, 133,
276, 290, 294
hepatocytes, 294, 326
hepatoprotective agents
American
ginseng, 205
ephedra,
114
licorice,
277
Liv.52®,
379
milk
thistle, 289, 290, 294
Padma®28,
383
tea, 346
hepatoxicosis (in ruminants), 289
herb-drug interactions, xix, xxi, xxvii–xxviii
herbal combinations, 218, 366–368, 374–389, 409
Herbal Ecstacy, 110
herbal supplements. see
dietary/herbal supplements
Herbs of Commerce,
xix, xxiv
Hermes Fabrick Pharma, 163, 406
herpes
genital,
91, 96, 162, 170
simplex,
27, 33, 38, 90, 100, 102, 105, 301, 325
simplex
labialis, 375
zoster
(shingles), 42
heterocyclic amine activity, 339
hexobarbital metabolism, 101
high blood pressure. see
hypertension
Himalaya Drug Company, 379, 406
hippocaesculin, 251
hippuric acid, 83
hirsuteine, 28, 30
hirsutine, 28, 30
histamines, 43, 49, 139
histidine decarboxylase, 114
HIV drugs, 26, 160, 215, 217
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), 90, 206, 216, 223, 375
HIV patients
adjunct
therapy, 27, 29, 33, 37, 38
cautioned
about cat’s claw, 31
CD4 T cell
counts, 215
and
immunomodulators, 216
natural
killer cell activity, 162, 170
saquinavir
therapy, 160
zidovudine
(AZT) therapy, 26, 215, 217
Hochu-ekki-to®, 367, 377–378
Höfel’s® Garlic Pearles, 162, 167, 399
holistic medicine, 367
homeostasis, 105
homocysteine, 157
hongshen, 215, 216
hops, 363, 364, 374, 378
hormones. see also
estrogens; testosterone
androgenization,
102
androgens,
150, 313
corpus
luteum hormone, 65
follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH), 17, 18, 21, 65, 70, 314, 318
growth
hormone, 333, 370
hormone
levels, 19, 151, 217
hormone-like
effects, 216
hormone modulators,
65
hormone
therapy, 17, 18, 19, 21, 66
luteinizing
hormone (LH), 17, 18, 21, 65, 70, 314, 318
peptide
hormone drugs, 32
progesterone,
64, 65, 66, 69, 70, 282
progestin,
150
prolactin,
17, 18, 21, 65, 66, 69, 225, 333
sex
hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), 17, 21
thyroxin
releasing hormone (TRH), 69
Horphag Research, 369, 406
horse chestnut, 247–258
horse chestnut seed extract (HCSE), 250
hot flashes, 16, 17, 21, 22, 128, 133, 263
Hova®, 357, 363, 364, 378, 403
Humulus lupulus,
354, 374, 378
hyaluronidase activity, 251
Hydergine®, 191
hydrastidine, 231
hydrastine, 231
Hydrastis canadensis,
76, 227–234
hydrochloric acid in gastric juice, 302
hydrochlorothiazide, 278
hydrocortisone, 59
hydrogen peroxide, 28, 29, 158
hydrooxyproline, 152
hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase, 283
hyoscyamine, 305
hyperaldosteronism. see
aldosteronism
hyperemesis gravidarum, 174, 176, 181
hyperemia, 43, 47
hyperforin, 324, 325, 326
hyperhidrosis, 377
hypericin, 324, 325
Hypericum perforatum,
321–334, 357, 409, 411
Hyperiforce®, 328, 332, 402
hyperimmunoglobulin therapy, 32
hyperoside, 239, 325
hyperprolactinemia, 64, 66, 67, 69
hypersensitivity. see
also anaphylaxis
Asteraceae
plants, 55, 56, 90, 139
blue
cohosh, 381
Caulophyllum thalictroides, 381
cayenne, 44
chaste tree,
381
composite
flowers, 375
cyclamens,
381
echinacea,
375
garlic,
159, 160
ginkgo, 189
hay fever,
112
Hochu-ekki-to®,
377
ignatia,
381
irises, 381
lilies, 381
onions, 160
ragweed,
55, 90, 139
St. John’s
wort, 326
tulips, 160
hypertension
as adverse
effect, 115, 116, 217, 278, 313, 340
antihypertensives,
32, 44, 101, 115, 158, 161
as
contraindication, 102, 114, 216, 277
drug
interactions, 115
and garlic,
156, 161, 168
and
hawthorn, 244
portal, 293
and
Pycnogenol®, 369, 371, 373
and valerian,
361
hypnotic effects, 265, 355
hypocorticoidism, 276
hypokalemia, 277, 278, 377, 378
hypotension, 357
hypotensive effects, 115, 355
hypothermia, 355
hypoxia, 101, 188, 189, 191, 200
hysterectomized patients, 18, 19
I
Ibuprofen, 182
ICD p24 antigen, 223
Iceland moss, 383
icterus. see
jaundice
IdB 1016 Silipide, 291, 294, 402
IDS-89, 315, 317, 402
ignatia hypersensitivity, 381
IL-6 release, 96
ileum contractions, 301
Ilex paraguariensis,
111
imipramine, 327, 331, 332, 334, 341, 355
imminent health hazard, xx
Immodal Pharmaka GmbH, 33, 406
immune complex clearance, 277
immune function, 33, 36, 102, 105, 127, 231
immune support, 218
immunocompetent cells, 101, 105
immunoglobulin therapy, 32
immunologic effects of exercise, 96
immunomodulators
Asian ginseng,
214, 216, 218, 223
cat’s claw,
26, 29–33, 36
echinacea,
88, 89, 91
eleuthero,
101, 102
Esberitox®,
375
evening
primrose, 127
garlic,
157, 159
Hochu-ekki-to®,
377
horse
chestnut, 251
Sinupret®,
388
immunoprotectants, 102
immunosuppression, 31, 90, 158
impaired concentration, premenstrual, 71
impotence, 215, 313, 317, 377. see also reproduction
Indena S.p.A., 8, 291, 406
India, traditional medicine, 366, 367
indigestion. see
dyspepsia
indinavir clearance, 326
indole alkaloids, 28, 30
indomethacin, 386
inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 30, 206, 383
infants
brain
development, 147
colic, 276
contraindicated,
231, 302, 340
dermatitis,
126
formula
fortification, 126
infections, acute phase, 102
inflammations
bile duct,
294
chronic,
26, 100, 127, 388
gallbladder,
302
gastrointestinal
tract, 54
mucosal, 6,
54, 56, 59, 300
non-specific,
42, 114, 146, 147, 189
respiratory,
388
skin, 54,
57, 59, 90
stomach,
acute, 231
throat, 54
influenza. see
respiratory tract conditions
inotropic effects, 30, 231, 239, 240, 355
insomnia. see also
sleep
as adverse
effect, 115, 217, 340, 356
from
anxiety/nervousness, 100, 354, 366
as
contraindication, 114
general,
357, 362–364, 374, 378
tradition
Chinese medicine, 215
insulin
dosage
monitoring, 7, 206, 217
insulin-like
growth factor, 152
interaction
with herbs, 7, 32, 102, 157
resistance,
295
response
to, 150, 161
secretion,
148, 152, 189
sensitivity,
161
intellectual functions, 197, 215. see also cognition
interactions. see
herb-drug interactions
interferon gamma, 158
interleukin, 158, 325
intermittent claudication. see Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease (PAOD)
internal-heat (TCM
theory), 205
International Olympic Committee, 113
International Prostate Symptom Score, 317, 318, 319
intractable pruritus, 42
intrauterine device side effects, 8, 12
inulin, 89
Inverni Della Beffa S.p.A., 406
invertose, 7
ipecac, xx
iridoids, 65, 355
iris hypersensitivity, 381
iron absorption, 341
irritability, 16, 18, 70, 71, 215, 354
as adverse
effect, 115, 217, 340
ischemia
cardiac,
231, 339, 341, 345
cerebral,
189
ischemic
mucosal injuries, 289
juvenile
ischemic attack, 169
isoajmalicin, 28
isoorientin, 65
itching. see
pruritus/itching
IUD. see
intrauterine device
Ivel®, 357, 363, 403
J
jalapeño peppers, 47
Japan, traditional medicine, 366, 367
Japanese ginseng, 218
Jarsin®, 327, 328, 334, 402
jaundice, 231, 264
jing (TCM theory),
216
joint mobility, 12, 49, 385
joint tenderness, 42
jujube, 377
K
kaempferol, 89, 189, 325
Kamillosan®, 57, 59, 398
Kampo medicine, 366, 367
kanamycin, 102
Kanoldt Arzneimittel GmbH, 357, 406
kava, 259–271,
409, 410
kavain, 263
kavalactones, 262, 263, 264
KavaPure®, 266, 271, 401
Kavatrol®, 266, 270, 401
Kaveri®, 192, 195, 196, 400
Kavosporal®, 266, 271, 401
KB cells, 30
Kendrick battery test, 196
keratinocytes, 370
kernicterus, 231
ketoalkenes, 89
ketoalkynes, 89
ketoconazole, 90
kidney disorders. see
renal/kidney disorders
kidney (TCM theory), 101
Kira®, 328, 333, 334, 402
Klebsiella spp.,
158
Klinge Pharma GmbH, 406
Kneipp Kamillen-Konzentrat, 57, 60, 398
Kneipp-Werke®, 57, 406
knotweed, 383
KNP Trading Pte. Ltd., 45, 47, 406
kola nut. see Cola spp.
Krallendorn®, 28, 32, 33, 37, 38, 398
Kruskal-Wallis test, 305
Kupperman-Menopause Index (KPI), 19, 21, 22
Kwai®, 156, 162, 167, 168, 169, 170, 399
Kwai HeartFit™, 399
Kyolic®, 156, 162, 167, 168, 169, 170, 399, 400
L
L-glutamate uptake, 325
labdane diterpenoids, 65
labeling of herbal products, xx, xxi, xxiv, 368
labiate tannins, 301
labor. see
pregnancy
Laboratoires Chibret, 8, 406
Laboratori Guidotti S.p.A., 314, 406
lactate levels, 47, 105, 209
lactation
amenorrhea,
66
in animals,
65
beneficial
herbs, 126, 147, 160
as
contraindication, 114, 139, 264, 326, 356, 376
galactogogues,
66, 67
insufficient,
64
lactogenic
response, 66
lactation contraindications, xxvii
lactic acid, 222
lactobacilli, 76, 81, 349
Laitan®, 266, 270, 271, 401
LAK cells, 158, 377
Lake Louise Self-report score, 198
lanoxin, xvii
laparoscopies, 181
laryngeal cancer, 161, 215, 222
lathosterol, 168
laxatives, xx, 147, 290. see
also constipation
lectin, 293
Leeds anxiety questionnaire, 361
leg volume, 239, 250, 255, 256, 257, 372
Legalon®, 291, 293, 294, 295, 402
Leishmania donovani,
231
lemon balm, 276, 357, 363, 364, 376
lemon bioflavonoid, 314, 382
lettuce, 383
leucocyanidin, 325
leukemia, 30, 31, 101
leukocytes, 27, 28, 29, 33, 36, 37, 89, 223
leukopenia, 29
leukoplakia, 338, 347
leukosis, 90, 375
leukotrienes, 132, 373
levodopa, 265
levomenol, 59
LG-166/S, 314, 318, 402
LI-156, 357, 362, 364, 403
LI-160, 328, 331, 332, 333, 402
LI-1370, 192, 195, 196, 198, 400
libido, 216, 217, 225, 282, 313
lichenoid reaction, 302
Lichtwer Pharma AG, 162, 163, 192, 241, 303, 328, 357, 406
licorice, 273–283,
377, 383, 409
light sensitivity, associated with migraines, 142
light therapy, 333
lignans, 146
lily hypersensitivity, 381
limonene, 65, 113, 301
linalool, 113
linamarin, 147
linoleic acid (LA), 127, 147, 289
linolenic acid, 251
Linum usitatissimum,
143–152
linustatins, 147
lip swelling, 139
lipids
apolipoproteins,
150, 167
betalipoproteins,
384
cholesterol,
in milk thistle, 289
cholesterol
esters, 132
cholesterol
synthesis, 167, 168, 175
HDL (high
density lipoproteins) cholesterol
levels
raised, 120, 157, 168, 169, 216, 347
levels
unchanged, 150, 152, 167, 346, 349
hypercholesterolemia
(lipidemia)
and
flax, 146
and
garlic, 156, 161, 167–169
and
hawthorn, 240
and
Padma®28/Basic, 383, 384
and
tea, 339
hypocholesterolemia,
146, 346
LDL (low
density lipoproteins) cholesterol
reduced
by eleuthero, 100
reduced
by ephedra, 120
reduced
by flax, 146, 147, 148, 150, 152
reduced
by garlic, 167, 168, 169
reduced
by tea, 346, 347
lipid-lowering
agents, 161, 240
lipopolysaccharides
(LPS), 30, 205
liposterols
in saw palmetto, 312
in maternal
milk, 127, 128, 134
peroxidation,
low density lipoproteins, 77, 157, 168, 282, 340, 341, 346
peroxidation,
non-specific lipids, 7, 29, 105, 158, 189, 277, 345
peroxidation
and liver damage, 290, 295
phospholipids,
133
total
cholesterol (TC) reduced
by
Asian ginseng, 216
by
eleuthero, 100
by
flax, 150, 152
by
garlic, 157, 161, 167
by
tea, 339, 346, 347, 349
triglycerides
(triacylglycerol)
component
of flax, 147
component
of saw palmetto, 312
GLA
levels in, 132
and
hepatitis, 294
levels
reduced
by Asian ginseng, 216
by
eleuthero, 100
by
ephedra, 120
by
garlic, 157, 168, 169
by
milk thistle, 289
by
Padma®28, 384
by
tea, 339, 347, 349
levels
unchanged, 150, 152, 167, 346
lipoxygenase, 30, 313
Lipton® tea, 341, 346, 403
liquiritin, 277
lithiasis, 76, 77, 78, 83, 175, 302
Liv.52®, 367, 379–380
liver cancer, 128, 134, 157, 158, 276, 283
liver enzymes, 264, 265, 378
liver function. see
also hepatic disorders
compromised
function, 290
hepatic
metabolism of drugs, 44
indicators,
293
liver
excretion function, 294
liver
lecithin synthesis, 289
liver
metabolic performance, 294
LiverCare®, 379
Loges, 406
lotaustralin, 147
lumbosacral pain (dysmenorrhea), 12
lung cancer, 147, 215, 222, 338, 340, 341, 348
lung function (TCM theory), 215, 216
lungs. see
respiratory tract conditions
lupus, 148
lupus erythematosus, systemic (SLE), 31, 146, 152, 369, 371,
373
lupus nephritis, 146, 152
luteal phase of menstrual cycle, 71, 151
luteinizing hormone (LH), 17, 18, 21, 65, 70, 314, 318
luteolin, 55, 301
lyaloside, 28
lymphoblasts, 30
lymphocytes, 142
counts, as
disease indicator, 94
and liver
disease, 293
lymphocyte/neutrophil
ratio, 28, 36
proliferation,
29, 30, 38, 90, 101, 223
and SLE,
373
SOD
activity, 289, 293
subpopulations,
223
Lyssia GmbH, 358, 406
lytic fever, 32
M
macrophages, 29, 90, 158, 225
Madaus AG, 67, 91, 252, 291, 407
malic acid, 77, 113
malondialdehyde, 289, 293, 294, 295
malvidin, 7
mammary gland development, 340
mammary tumors. see
breast cancer
Mann-Whitney test, 305
mannitol, 312
mannuronic acid, 147
maprotiline, 327, 332
marigold hypersensitivity, 55, 56, 90, 139
marker compounds, xxiii, 30
marshmallow root, 276
Martindale ginger, 400
Martindale Pharmaceuticals Pty. Ltd., 176, 181, 407
mastalgia, 64, 126, 128, 131, 217, 381
mastitis, 66
Mastodynon®, 381,
398
mastopathy, fibrocystic, 381
maté, 111
Matricaria recutita,
51–60
Matricaria spp.,
54, 276
matricarin, 55
matricin, 55
Maxim-L®, 103, 105, 399
mechanisms of action, xxvii
Medexport, 103, 105, 399
medical education, xxi
MedWatch, xviii
melanin index, 333
melatonin, 139
melioidosis, 264
Melissa officinalis,
276, 354, 357, 376
memory
and
cerebral insufficiency, 191, 197
in
diabetics, 222
general,
224, 325
impairment,
188, 195, 196, 205
performance,
215, 271
selective,
100, 102, 106
short-term,
189, 195, 196
visual
memory, 189, 195
meningitis, cryptococcal, 157
menopause
adynamia,
223
asthenia,
223
depression,
16, 18, 22, 223, 270
dizziness,
223
general,
21–22, 67, 214, 271, 324, 327
headaches,
17, 223
heart
palpitations, 16, 18
hot
flashes, 16, 17, 21, 22, 128, 133, 263, 372
irritability,
16
mood
disorder, 22
motivation,
22
nervousness,
16, 18, 22
perimenopausal
symptoms, 266
psychological
complaints, 18, 22, 334
sleep
disorders, 16, 18, 223
tinnitus,
16, 18
vertigo,
16, 17
weariness,
22
menstrual cycle, luteal phase, 71, 151
menstrual cycle abnormalities. see also premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
amenorrhea,
65, 66, 70, 381
anovulatory
cycles, 65, 70, 151
cramps,
370, 373
dysmenorrhea,
6, 8, 12, 16, 64
menorrhagia,
70, 230
oligomenorrhea,
70
polymenorrhea,
12, 70
Mentha x piperita, 288, 297–308, 409, 411
menthofuran, 301
menthol, 301
menthone, 301
menthyl acetate, 301
mesenchymal reaction, 294
Metabolife-356®, 117, 120, 399
Metabolife International, Inc., 117, 407
metabolism
of drugs,
101, 326, 367
energy,
216, 341, 345
glucose,
355
metabolic
rate, 32, 44–45, 47
and oxygen
consumption, 120
metabolites
antimetabolite
drugs, 101
estrogen
metabolites, 151
metastasis, 146, 148, 151
meteorosensitivity, 357
methicillin-resistant microbes, 325, 377
methotrexate, 90
methyl jasmonate, 89
methyl propyl disulfide, 158
methyl xanthines, 115
methylephedrine, 113
methylgallic acid, 345
methysticin, 263
metoclopramide, 66, 176, 181
metolazone, 278
metronidazole, 234
Mewes, 407
micturition. see
urodynamics
migraines, 138, 139, 140, 142, 381. see also headaches
migrating motor complex, 307
milk and tea, interaction, 339, 345, 346
milk composition, 127, 128, 134
milk crust, 126
milk thistle, 285–295,
409, 410, 411
mineralocorticoid receptors, 283
Minophagen Pharmaceutical Co., 279, 407
MirtoSelect®, 8, 398
miscarriages, 64, 66
mitochondrial function, 277
mitraphylline, 28, 30
moclobemide, 115
monoamine oxidase (MAO) and ginkgo, 189
monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, 263, 325
drug
interaction, 44, 114, 115, 190, 217
monomycin, 102
monopreparations, 366
mood
and
aromatherapy, 57, 60
and
diabetes, 222
in elderly,
189, 197
menopausal,
22, 223
mood-fatigue,
205, 206, 209, 224
premenstrual,
70, 71
sleep-related,
354, 357, 362
Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MMDQ), 71
motion sickness, 174, 176, 179, 180
Mountain Home Nutritionals, 407
mucilage, 55, 146, 147, 289
mucolytic effects, 301, 389
mucous membranes, 29, 43, 44, 54, 58, 59, 251, 300
multi-herb products. see
herbal combinations
multiple sclerosis, 31, 90, 375
muscles. see also
spasms
calcium
uptake in muscles, 175
muscle
strength, 175, 223, 378
muscular
contractions, 216, 301
myalgia,
300, 324, 377
myopathy,
377, 378
neuromusculation,
147
oxidative
capacity of skeletal muscles, 216
relaxants,
7, 55, 263, 301, 306, 307, 308, 313
smooth
muscles, 231, 301, 307, 313, 355
mushroom poisoning, 288, 289, 290, 295
mutagenic urine, 142
mutagens
antimutagenic
effects, 27, 28, 29, 339
chromosomal
aberrations, 142
photomutagenesis,
29
myalgia, 300, 324
Mycobacterium
spp., 158
myoglobinuria, 278
myristic acid, 147
Myrtocyan®, 8, 11, 12, 398
N
naphthodianthrones, 325
narcotics toxicity, 288
Nardostachys
jatamansii, 355
National Formulary,
xvii
National Health Products, 117
National Institutes of Health (NIH), xxi
National Nutritional Foods Association (NNFA), 110
Natrol Inc., 266, 407
Natural Health Science, 407
natural killer (NK) cells
activity
stimulated, 90, 96, 158, 162, 170, 216, 377
increased
numbers, 101, 105, 223
NaturalMax Co., 116
Nature’s Way Products, Inc., 192, 357, 376, 387, 407
Nature’s Way® valerian, 357, 362, 403
naturopathic physicians, xvi, 435
nausea
with
dyspepsia, 174, 183, 307
with liver
disease, 264, 293, 295
with
migraines, 138, 140, 142
postoperative,
174, 176, 181, 305
prophylaxis,
181
nausea as adverse effect
black
cohosh, 18
cat’s claw,
31
chaste
tree, 66, 69
ephedra,
115
evening
primrose, 128
feverfew,
140
Hochu-ekki-to®,
378
horse
chestnut, 251
Mastodynon®,
381
saw
palmetto, 313
neem, 383
negative bias toward herbal medicine, xxv, 409
nephropathy. see
renal/kidney disorders
neral, 174
nervous conditions
agitation,
66, 114, 115
excitability,
356
menopausal
nervousness, 16, 18, 22
nervous
excitation, 115, 354
nervousness
as adverse effect, 115, 217, 340
premenstrual
nervousness, 71
restless
legs, 361
restlessness,
114, 263, 270, 355, 361, 376
nervous system modulators
drug
interactions, 102, 127, 128, 190, 265, 326, 356
physiogenic
adrenocorticotropic
agents, 277
antispasmodics,
55, 190, 263, 295, 355
CNS
depressants, 55, 265, 357
CNS
stimulants, 113, 339, 340
dopamine,
65, 66, 115, 251, 265, 325
epinephrine,
47, 121, 169, 240
muscle
relaxants, 7, 55, 263, 301, 306, 307, 308, 313
norepinephrine,
47, 116
opioid
analgesics, 305
physical
sedatives, 30, 32, 55, 64, 263, 301, 376
serotonergic
effects, 325
sympathomimetic
effects, 113, 115, 116
psychotropic
antidepressants,
190, 216, 324, 325, 326, 355
antipsychotic
drugs, 102
anxiety
reduction, 245, 266, 270, 331, 333, 357, 361
anxiolytics,
55, 216, 263, 265, 266
barbiturates,
102, 265, 356
benzodiazepines,
265, 270, 354, 355, 356, 357, 363
diazepam,
22, 181, 355, 357, 361
hypnotic
effects, 265, 355
mental
sedatives, 100, 101, 325, 354, 355, 357, 361, 364,
374, 378
psychopharmacological
drugs, 265, 290, 295
relaxants,
mental, 308
selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), 188, 190,
199, 327, 331
sleep-promoting
agents, 354, 374, 376, 378
stimulant
use, 216
withdrawal
symptoms, 355, 356, 363
nettles, 314, 382, 387
neural function
desensitization
of sensory neurons, 43
effects on
afferent neurons, 49
glutamate-induced
neuronal death, 30
nerve
conduction, 127, 134
nerve-damaging
effects, 43
neural
irritants, 44
neuromusculation,
147
neuroprotection,
263
neurotransmitters,
43, 147, 325
neuro-cardiac stability, 355
neurological conditions. see
also neurosensory conditions
diabetic
neuropathy, 42, 49, 126, 128, 133, 134
hemiplegia,
377
meningitis,
157
multiple
sclerosis, 31, 90, 375
neuralgia,
42, 43, 45, 48, 300
neurodermatitis,
54, 59, 90
neuropathic
bladder, 78, 81, 82
nonspecific
neurological disorders, 56, 224
notalgia
paresthetica, 45, 50
paralysis,
377, 378
paresthesia,
12, 134, 255
polyneuropathy,
45, 48
surgical
neuropathic pain, 48
Neuroplant®, 403
neurosensory conditions. see
also pain; pruritus/itching; vision
abnormal
sensations (see paresthesia)
algesimetric
parameters, 308
anesthetics,
263
aromatherapy,
60
auditory disturbances,
102
auditory
reaction time, 224
bright
light therapy, 333
burning
sensation, 49, 302
cold/heat
sensations, 134, 301
deafness,
188, 191, 199
disjunctive
reaction time, 224
light
sensitivity, associated with migraines, 142
meteorosensitivity
(weather), 357
noise
sensitivity, associated with migraines, 142
numbness,
134, 383
olfactory
stimulation, 57, 60, 308
paresthesia,
12, 45, 50, 134, 255
sensory-motor
function, 224
sensory
neuron desensitization, 43
signal
detectability, 100, 106, 308
tinnitus,
16, 18, 188, 189, 191, 197, 198
tonometric
(pressure) sensitivity, 258
trail
making test, 196
vertigo,
16, 17, 18, 180, 188, 238
visual
reaction time, 196, 224
neutrophils, 28, 36, 94, 101, 105, 139, 383
New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, 238
Newcastle disease, 301
nicergoline, 191, 199
nicotine-induced striatal dopamine release, 216
night-blooming cereus, 355, 357
nighttime flushes, 133
nitric oxide generation, 216
nitrite production, 203
nitroglycerin tablets, 384
nitrosamine activity, 339
nitrosoproline formation, 339
nocturia, 244, 313, 314, 317, 318, 324
noise sensitivity, associated with migraines, 142
nomenclature, botanical, xix
nondisclosure of CAM therapy use, xxii–xxiii
nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 27, 29, 36,
128, 132, 134
noradrenaline uptake, 325
norephedrine, 113
norepinephrine, 47, 116
notalgia paresthetica, 45, 50
Novartis Consumer Health AG, 407
Novo-Baldriparan, 358, 363, 403
Novo-Nordisk A/S, 358, 407
nuclear jaundice, 231
numbness, 134, 383
nurses, xvi, 437
nursing home patients, 82
nursing (infants). see
lactation
Nutraceutical Corporation, 78, 116, 315, 407
Nutrilite®, 407
Nutrilite® Saw Palmetto with Nettle Root, 315,
318, 382, 402
O
obesity, 112, 114, 341, 349
obsessive-compulsive disorder, 324, 327, 334
Ocean Spray® Cranberries, Inc., 78, 407
Ocean Spray® Cranberry, 398
odontalgia, 50
odors, 160, 305
Oenothera biennis,
123–134
Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), xxi
Office of Women’s Health (OWH), 111
oleanane-type saponins, 215
oleanolic acid, 28, 205, 239
oleic acid, 127, 147, 289
oleoresin, 42, 174
olfactory stimulation, 57, 60, 308
oligoglycosides, 205
omega-3 fatty acids, 146, 150
Omega Nutripharm, 103, 407
omeprazole, 78
onions, sensitivity to, 160
ophthalmic conditions
allergic
conjunctivitis, 55
cataracts,
6
conjunctival
congestion, 234
corneoretinal
resting potential, 200
day
blindness, 6
dry eyes,
126
eye
irritants, 44
glaucoma,
114, 115, 116
hyphema,
190
macular
degeneration, 6, 192
mydriasis,
217
nystagmus,
180
ocular
infections, 230, 231, 232, 234
ophthalmology,
106
pupillary
reaction, 11, 234
retinal
hemorrhage, 6, 11
retinal
vascular disorder, 369, 370, 372
retinitis
pigmentosa, 6
retinopathy,
6, 8, 11, 369, 371, 372
saccadic
eye movements, 200
trachoma,
230, 231, 232, 234
opioid analgesics, 305
oral cancer, 347
oral conditions
aphthous
ulcers, 276, 279, 282
burning-mouth
syndrome, 302
cold sores,
375
contact
sensitivity, 302
dry mouth,
66, 205
dry throat,
205
glossodynia,
59
halitosis,
160
leukoplakia,
338, 347
lip
swelling, 139
mucosal
inflammation, 139, 300
odontalgia,
50
oral
cancer, 347
sore
throats, 95, 276
stomatitis,
56, 59, 276
throat
inflammations, 54
tongue
spasms, 302
tongue
swelling, 139
ulceration,
as adverse effect, 139, 302
Oregon Board of Naturopathic Examiners, xvi
organosulfur compounds (OSC), 157, 158
orphan nuclear receptor, 326
osteoarthritis
in hands,
49
joint
tenderness, 42, 49, 50
in knee,
26, 27, 28, 32, 36, 182
pain from
activity, 28, 32, 36, 182
pain reduction,
42, 45, 49, 50, 386
potential
treatment, 26, 27, 174, 176
range of
motion, 49
osteogenic sarcoma cells, 127
osteoporosis, 146, 152, 338, 341, 349
otitis, 105, 375
ovarian cancer, 30, 215, 222
ovarian dysfunction, 16, 21, 66, 151
ovariectomized patients, 18, 19
over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, xix, xx, xxvii, 42, 110, 113,
114
overviews of herbs, xxvi
Ovestin®, 21
oxalic acid, 113
oxazepam, 270, 271, 362
oxerutin, 255
oxidation-reduction potential, fecal, 349
oxidative metabolism of drugs, 326
oxidative stress, 150, 289
oxygen consumption. see
also respiration
and
American ginseng, 204, 206, 209
and Asian
ginseng, 222, 223, 224, 225
and
eleuthero, 105
and
ephedra, 120
and
ephedra/caffeine, 115–116
and
hawthorn, 244, 245
oxytocin, 116, 133
P
Padma®28/Padma® Basic, 367, 383–384
Padma AG, 383, 407
pain
abdominal,
128, 139, 239, 264, 305, 373
algesimetric
parameters, 308
analgesics,
42, 263, 301, 305, 308
anti-nociceptives,
139
breast, 64,
126, 128, 131, 217, 381
chest, 102,
238, 239
childbirth,
57, 60
chronic, 42
fibromyalgia,
42, 45, 50, 354
glossodynia,
59
leg, 250,
256, 370
muscle,
300, 324, 377
neuralgia,
42, 43, 45, 48, 300
postoperative,
42
pregnancy,
12
premenstrual,
71, 372
reduction,
43, 45, 50
sensitivity,
308
substance
P, 43
palmitic acid, 127, 147, 251, 289
Panax ginseng,
100, 204, 211–225, 377, 410
Panax japonicus,
218
Panax quinquefolius,
201–209, 216
Panax vietnamensis,
218
panaxynol, 205
pancreatic b-cell
function, 189
pancreatic cancer, 215, 222, 338, 341, 348
pansinusitis, 170
papaverine, 190, 240
paprika, 42
Paracetamol, 308
paralysis. see
neurological conditions
parasites, 158, 175, 231, 234
paresthesia, 12, 45, 50, 134, 255
pargyline, 115
Parkinson symptoms, 265
parthenolide, 138, 139
Passiflora spp.,
354, 361
patient counseling, xxii
Patient Information Sheet, xxix
pau d’arco, 409
Paullinia spp.,
111, 116, 361
pelvic pain (dysmenorrhea), 12
pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids (POAs), 26, 27, 28, 29, 32,
33
pentobarbital, 355
peonidin, 7, 77
peppermint, 288, 297–308,
409, 411
pepsin, 55
percent daily value, xxiv
performance enhancing agents. see athletic performance
Performance Status (PS) scale, 377
Perika®, 403
peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD)
and garlic,
156, 162, 170
and ginkgo,
188, 189, 191, 192, 197
and Padma®28,
383, 384
Periploca sepium,
102
permeability, capillary, 7, 190, 251
permeability, hepatocyte membrane, 294
permeability, vascular, 7, 11
Permixon®, 313, 314, 315, 317, 402
peroxynitrite, 29
perspiration, 16, 17, 113, 361, 377. see also hot flashes
Peruvian pepper, 42
petunidin, 7
pH, fecal, 339, 349
pH in digestive tract, 339
phagocytosis, 30, 89, 90, 101, 105, 139, 223
Pharbio Medical International AB, 407
Pharbio Medical Suerigie, 358
Pharma-Inter-Med GmbH, 103, 407
Pharma Nord A.p.S., 192, 407
Pharmacia Corporation, 407
pharmacists, xvi, 439
pharmacological actions, xxvii
Pharmaton Natural Health Products, 219, 222, 358, 407
phenelzine, 115, 217
phenolic acids, 339, 370
phenothiazines, 127, 128, 290, 295
phenylpropanolamine, 114
pheochromocytoma, 114
phlegm mixed with blood, 205
phlegm (TCM
theory), 205
phloroglucinol, 325
phosphatase activity, 152
photodamage protection, 90
photopheresis, 183
phototoxicity, 325, 326, 333
physicians, xvi, 433
Physostigma venenosum,
xvii
physostigmine, xvii
Phytodolor®, 385–386
phytoestrogens, 151
phytohemagglutinin (PHA), 29, 36
Phytotrim®, 341, 403
Pierre Fabre Médicament, 315, 407
Pimenta dioica,
383
Pimpinella anisum,
276
pinene, 65, 139
Pinus pinaster, 369–373
Piper methysticum,
259–271, 409, 410
piquin, 42
piris, 42
piroxicam, 386
PKC-167/79, 219, 223, 401
Plantago arenaria,
xx
Plantago lanceolata,
383
plantain, 383
plaque, atherosclerotic, 156, 158, 161, 162, 169
plasma. see blood
platelet aggregation
and
coronary disease, 182
decreased,
7, 147, 150, 157, 174, 175
and
hypercholesterolemia, 169
inhibited,
30, 32, 369, 370, 371, 373
and
juvenile ischemia, 168
normalized,
370
and PAOD,
170, 384
unaffected,
176
in vitro, 231
platelets
antiplatelet
agents, 7, 140, 160, 161, 190
platelet
activating factor (PAF), 139, 189
platelet
composition, 150
platelet
counts, 176, 182, 216
platelet
function, 156, 160, 161, 169
plethysmography, 198
pneumococcus vaccine, 27, 28, 33, 36
pneumonia. see
respiratory tract conditions
Podophyllum peltatum,
xvii
Polcopharma F. Polley & Co., 266, 407
polio virus, 77
pollakiuria, 318
polyacetylenes, 89, 215
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon activity, 339
Polygonum aviculare,
383
PolyMedica Corp., 78, 407
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, 223, 289
polypectomy, 306
polyphenols, 28, 338, 339, 346
polysaccharides, 101
polysomnography, 362, 363
Populus tremula,
385
portal hypertension, 293
postoperative bleeding. see
hemorrhage/bleeding
postprandial glycemia, 204, 205, 206, 209
potassium levels, 278, 378
Potentilla aurea,
383
prednisolone, 217
pregnancy
ability to
conceive, 69, 70, 381
arrest of
descent, in childbirth, 133
birth
weights, 96, 133, 278, 282
fetal
development, 65, 96, 147
fetal
distress, 96
fetotoxicity,
356
gestation
time, 133
gestational
safety, 91, 217
hyperemesis
gravidarum, 181
labor, 57,
60, 128, 133
miscarriages,
64
morning
sickness, 174
phlebopathies,
12
placenta
expulsion, 64
premature
births, 278, 279, 282
safety of
echinacea, 96
safety of
ginseng, 217
spontaneous
abortions, 96
teratogenicity,
102
pregnancy as contraindication
chaste
tree, 65–66
ephedra,
114
Euvegal®,
376
feverfew,
139
Hochu-ekki-to®,
378
kava, 264
licorice,
278
Phytodolor®,
385
Pycnogenol®,
371
Sinupret®,
388
St. John’s
wort, 326
valerian,
356
pregnancy contraindications, xxvii
pregnane X receptor, 326
premature ejaculation, 225
PreMens® Ze440, 67, 70, 71, 398
premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
and black
cohosh, 16
and chaste
tree, 64, 66, 69–71
and evening
primrose, 126, 128, 131
and
Mastodynon®, 381
and
Pycnogenol®, 372
and St.
John’s wort, 324, 327
premenstrual tension syndrome (PMTS) scale, 71
prescription drugs, xxvii
Presomen®, 21
Prevention
magazine, xviii, xix
primroses, 388
Primula veris,
276, 388
Princeton Survey Research Associates, xviii, xix
PRO 160/120®, 314, 315, 319, 402
proanthocyanidins, 7, 77, 113, 325, 339
procarbazine, 115
procollagen, 222, 289, 293, 295
procyanidins, 28, 30, 239, 369, 370
product brands, xxiii, xxviii
Prof. Dr. Much AG, 357, 407
Profile of Mood States (POMS), 22
progesterone, 64, 65, 66, 69, 70, 282. see also hormones
prolactin, 17, 18, 21, 65, 66, 69, 225, 333. see also hormones; hyperprolactinemia
proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), 347
properties of herbs (TCM theory), 366
proprietary products, xxix, 366–392
Propulsid, 307
propylene sulfide, 158
Proscar, 314
ProstActive™, 387, 402
prostaglandins, 127, 132, 139, 251, 347
Prostagutt®, 315, 317, 319, 387, 402
prostanoids, 127, 132
Prostaserene®, 315, 317, 402
prostate cancer
as
contraindication, 313, 314
and flax,
146, 147, 148, 152
and garlic,
158
growth
inhibition, 152, 158, 216, 289
increased
apoptosis, 146, 148, 152
and milk
thistle, 289
risk
reduction, 317
prostate enlargement, 114, 312. see also benign prostatic hyperplasia
prostate-specific antigen (PSA), 152, 314, 317
protease inhibitors, 326
proteinuria, 147
proteolytic activity of pepsin, 55
Proteus spp., 102,
158
prothrombin, 293, 326
protocatechic acid, 370
Prozac®, 327
prozacin, 313
pruritus/itching
as adverse
effect, 66, 251, 381
psoriasis,
42, 49
uremic skin
conditions, 132
varicosis,
257
venous
insufficiency, 12, 250, 255, 256, 372
pseudoephedrine, 110, 113, 114
pseudoepithelia hyperplasia (PEH), 83
pseudoginsenosides, 205, 216
Pseudomonas spp.,
77, 231, 301
psoralen (8-MOP) therapy, 183
psoriasis, 42, 45, 49, 370
psoriatic arthritis, 128, 132
psychiatric conditions as contraindications, 114, 340
psychiatric/psychological conditions. see affective (emotional) disorders; behavior; cognition;
neurosensory conditions; psychomotor conditions
psychological function testing, 60, 106, 195, 206, 218, 224
psychomotor conditions. see
also spasms
activity
levels, 106
ambulation,
355
chronic
fatigue syndrome, 100, 377
coordination/ataxia,
30, 224, 265, 355
driving
impairment, 356, 357, 364
motor
restlessness, 115
muscle
relaxants, 7, 55, 263, 301, 306, 307, 308, 313, 325
operating
machinery, impairment, 357, 364
paralysis,
377, 378
psychomotor
performance testing, 195, 206, 224
seizures,
114, 115, 127, 128, 190, 326
tremors,
115, 340
psychophysiological insomnia, 362
Psychotonin-M, 327
psyllium, xx
Pterocarpus
santalinus, 383
pteropodine, 28, 30
pulegone, 301
pulse, 113, 115, 120, 215, 238, 244
pulse wave velocity, 162, 169
pumpkin seeds, 382
Pure-Gar®, 162–163, 167, 400
PureWorld Botanicals, Inc., 266
purpuras, 6
Pycnogenol®, 369–373,
409, 411
pyrethrin, 139
pyridinoline, 17
pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), 90
pyrrolketone, 355
pyuria, 77, 78, 82
Q
qi (TCM theory),
101, 205, 215, 216
quality of life. see
well-being/quality of life
quercetin, 55, 89, 189, 239, 325
quercitrin, 325
Quest Vitamins, 128, 133, 399, 407
Quindao Fengyi Biotechnology Ltd., 192, 408
quinic acid, 77
quinoline alkaloids, 231
quinone reductase, 339
quinovic acid, 28, 30
quinovic glycosides, 28
quinqueginsin, 205, 206
quinquenosides, 205
R
racemoside, 17
radiation
gamma, 101
mucositis
from, 54
protectants,
101, 102, 216
radiotherapy,
27, 29, 33, 37, 59, 100, 158, 375
solar-simulated,
333
ultraviolet
(UV), 27, 29, 158
Radix ginseng,
214, 217
ragweed hypersensitivity, 55, 90, 139
rashes, 66, 69, 378
rational phytotherapy, xxiii
Rauvolfia serpentina,
xvii
Raynaud’s disease, 8, 12, 126
reaction time, 196, 224, 266, 270, 271, 357, 364
red pepper, 42
red saunders, 383
ReDormin®, 363, 403
reflux, gastroesophageal, 251, 302
regulation of herbal products, xix
regulatory status of herbs, xxviii
REM sleep, 271, 355, 362
Remifemin®, 16, 18, 19, 21, 22, 398
Remotiv®, 327, 328, 331, 402, 403
renal cancer, 158
renal/kidney disorders
capillary
fragility, 6
as
contraindication, 78, 231, 277, 340
glomerulosclerosis,
147
nephritis,
112, 146, 152
nephrolithiasis,
76, 77, 78, 83
nephropathy,
127, 252
renal
failure, 31, 114, 251, 252
renal
insufficiency, 78, 277
renshen, 215, 216
Reparil®, 252, 401
reproduction. see also
fertility; hormones; menstrual cycle abnormalities; pregnancy
aphrodisiacs,
215
coitus
frequency, 225
contraceptives,
8, 12, 26, 66, 326
corpus
luteum abnormalities, 64, 66, 69, 70, 381
ejaculation
volume, 319
ejaculatory
disturbances, 225, 313, 317
erectile
function, 216, 225, 313, 319
frigidity,
215
gonadal
function, 279, 283
gynecological
disorders, non-specific, 64
impotence,
general, 215, 377
impotence
as adverse effect, 313, 317
libido,
216, 217, 225, 283, 313
ovarian
dysfunction, 16, 21, 66, 151
sexual
dysfunction as contraindication, 283
sexual
dysfunction from antidepressant use, 188, 190, 191, 199
sexuality,
334
sperm
quality, 147, 225, 369, 370
reserpine, xvii
reserpine-induced hypothermia, 355
Resistan®, 92, 95, 96, 399
respiration. see also
oxygen consumption
expiratory
flow, 198, 225
respiratory
endurance, 205
respiratory
exchange ratio, 105, 222
respiratory
quotients, 47, 224, 345
respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), 271
respiratory tract conditions. see also asthma; bronchitis; common colds
bronchoconstriction,
44, 139, 189
bronchodilation,
112, 113, 115, 216, 341
bronchospasms,
112, 388
catarrh,
156, 205, 276, 300, 366
chronic
infections, 215, 225, 375, 383, 384
chronic
inflammations, 388
decongestants,
389
ergospirometry,
244
flu-like
symptoms, 94
influenza,
90, 91, 100, 105, 325
laryngeal
cancer, 161, 215, 222
laryngitis,
276
lung
cancer, 147, 215, 222, 338, 340, 341, 348
nasal
congestion, 112
pharyngitis,
276, 375
pneumonia,
105
pulmonary
complications during radiotherapy, 276, 279, 283
pulmonary
edema, 278
pulmonary
function, 198, 215, 225, 370, 371, 373
pulmonary
tuberculosis, 44
respiratory
arrest, 302
respiratory
paralysis, 30
rhinitis,
94, 95, 112, 156, 160
rhinopathy,
chronic, 42
sinusitis,
105, 112, 170, 375, 388, 389
upper
respiratory tract infections (URTIs), 88, 91, 94–96, 366
ventilation,
204, 209, 388
restlessness
as adverse
effect, 115, 340
as
contraindication, 114
premenstrual,
71
restless
legs, 361
treatment
with Euvegal®, 376
treatment
with kava, 263, 270
treatment
with valerian, 354, 361
rete ridge flattening, 133
reticuloendothelial system (RES) cells, 30
retinopathy. see under
ophthalmic conditions
Rey Test, 195
reynosin, 139
rhamnetin, 55, 189
rhamnose, 147, 370
rhamnosides, 239
Rhamnus purshiana,
xx
rheumatic disease, 386
rheumatic heart disease, 102
rheumatoid arthritis. see
under arthritis
rhodopsin, 7
rhynchophylline, 28, 29, 30
Ribes nigrum, 128
rigidity (erectile), 216, 225
risk-benefit assessments, xxi
Ritchie Index, 33, 37
RNA polymerase, 158, 289
Roche Nicholas SA, 357, 408
Rökan®, 192, 196, 197, 198, 199, 400
rosmarinic acid, 301
rotundifuran, 65
rubefacients, 43
Rumex spp., 388
rupture of membranes, during childbirth, 133
rutin, 239, 325
rutoside, 89
S
S-allylcysteine (SAC), 157, 158, 161
S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC), 158, 159
Sabal serrulata,
312
SabalSelect™, 402
Saccade test, 196
Saccharomyces bayanus,
77
Saemaul Kongjang, 45, 47, 398
safety of ephedra, 110–112, 116, 120
safety of herbal products, xviii–xix, xxviii, 366
safety of kava, 262, 271
safety performance, 270
safety ratings, xxviii
Saila Licorice Root Tablets, 279, 283, 401
Saila S.p.A., 279, 408
salicin, 385
salicylate hypersensitivity, 385
salicylic acid, 17
Salmonella spp.,
158, 384
Salvia sclarea, 57
Sambucus nigra,
388
Sanofi Synthelabo, 315, 408
santamarin, 139
Sapec®, 163, 167, 168, 400
sapogenins, 277
sapogenols, 251
saponins, 157
saquinavir, 160
Saussurea costus,
383
Saventaro®, 398
saw palmetto, 309–319,
387, 409
SCAG questionnaire, 224
SCAG scale, 195, 197
scars. see
cicatrizing activity
Schaper & Brümmer GmbH & Co., 19, 67, 92, 375, 408
Schering-Plough, 45, 408
schistosomes, 175
schizophrenic patients, 127
Schwabe, 408
scopolamine, xvii, 179, 205
Scotia Cream, 128, 133, 399
Scotia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 128, 408
sea sickness, 179, 180
seasonal affective disorder (SAD), 324, 327, 333
secale alkaloid derivatives, 116
secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), 147
Secretary of Health and Human Services, xx
secretions
antisecretory
effects, 127
secretolytic
agents, 277, 301, 388
Sedariston®, 358, 361, 403
sedation as adverse effect, 32
sedative effects
cat’s claw,
30, 32
chamomile,
55
chaste
tree, 64
eleuthero,
100, 101
kava, 263,
265
peppermint,
301
St. John’s
wort, 325
valerian,
354, 355, 357, 361, 364
sedative-herb interactions, 102, 356
sedatives, 30, 55, 64, 100, 101, 102, 263, 265, 301, 325,
354, 355, 356, 357, 361, 364
as adverse
effect, 32
Sedonium®, 358, 362, 403
seizure disorders contraindicated, 114
seizure medication interactions, 127, 128, 190, 326
seizures as adverse effects, 115
selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), 21
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), 188, 190,
199, 327, 331
selegiline, 115
Selenicereus
grandiflorus, 355, 357
Self-Assessment Depression scale, 22
Semliki Forest virus, 301
Senna alexandrina,
xx
sensory conditions. see
neurosensory conditions
Serenoa repens, 309–319, 382, 387
Serenoa serrulata,
309–319
serotonergic effects, 325
serotonin, 139, 325. see
also selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
sertraline, 331
serving size, xxiv
sesquiphellandrene, 174
sesquiterpenes, 55, 139
Seven Seas Ltd., 162, 408
sexual dysfunction, 188, 190, 191, 199, 282, 313. see also reproduction
sexuality, 334
SG-291, 315, 402
Shigella spp., 102
shingles, 42
shogaols, 174
shortness of breath. see
dyspnea/shortness of breath
Siberian ginseng, 100, 204, 218
sickle cell anemia, 157, 158
Sidroga GmbH, 408
signal detectability, 100, 106, 308
SIL-2R release, 96
Siliphos®, 291, 402
silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR), 347
silybin, 289
Silybum marianum, 285–295, 409, 410
silychristin, 289
silydianin, 289
silymarin, 289, 290
Sinupret®, 366, 388–389
sinusitis, 105, 112, 170, 375, 388
sister chromatid exchanges, 142
sitosterol, 28, 30, 127, 147, 251, 277, 289, 325, 355
Sjögren’s syndrome, 126
SK-MEL cells, 30
SK-OV-3 cells, 30
skin cancer, 127, 289
skin disorders. see
dermatological conditions
sleep. see also
insomnia
menopausal
sleep disorders, 16, 18, 223
morning
sleepiness, 356
nonpsychiatric
sleep disorders, 357
sleep behavior
in cardiac patients, 245
sleep
disorders, non-specific, 263, 355
sleep
disorders as adverse effect, 102, 115, 217, 334, 340, 356
sleep-promoting
(soporific) agents, 354, 374, 376, 378
sleep
quality, 189, 266, 362, 363, 364
somnolence,
265
sleep structure
REM sleep,
271
sleep
latency, 271, 362, 363, 364
sleep
onset, 271, 333
sleep time,
325
slow wave
sleep, 271, 362, 363
slippery elm, xx
Slone Survey, xviii, xix
smokers, 225, 364
sodium bicarbonate, 116
sodium nitrate, 240
sodium retention, 278
Solanum nigrum,
379
Solaray® CranActin®, 79, 81, 398
Solaray® ephedra, 117, 120, 399
Solaray® saw palmetto, 315, 319, 402
solid tumor growth, 339, 340
Solidago virgaurea,
385
soluble CD8 antigen, 223
Solvay Arzneimittel GmbH, 358, 408
Songha Night®, 358, 363, 403
sore throats, 95, 276
sorrel, 388
soy, 409
spasms
anticonvulsants,
190, 263, 295, 355
antispasmodics,
55, 263, 370
during
barium enema, 300, 302, 305
bile ducts,
300
bronchospasms,
112, 388
during
colonoscopy, 300
gallbladder,
300
gastrointestinal,
54, 300, 301, 355
muscle
cramps, 12, 250, 257, 370, 372, 383
seizures,
114, 115, 326
spastic
colon syndrome, 306
susceptibility
to, 340
tongue, 302
vasospasms,
190
Special Nutritionals/Adverse Event Monitoring System
(SN/AEMS), xviii
speciophylline, 28
sperm counts, 225
sperm quality, 147, 225, 369, 370
spiked ginger lily, 383
spinal epidural hematoma, 160
spinasterol, 251
spirulina, 409
Spitzner GmbH, 192, 408
spleen function (TCM theory), 101, 215, 216
splenocytes, 29
squamous cell cancer, 338, 348
St. John’s wort, 321–334,
357, 409, 411
stable-plaque psoriasis, 128, 132
stamina, 102, 105
standardization of herbal products, xix, xxiii, xxiv
standardized common names, xxiv
Staphylococcus
spp., 77, 158, 231, 301, 325, 377
statements of nutritional support, xx, xxiv, 368
stearic acid, 127, 147, 251
STEI-300, 328, 402
Steigerwald, 385, 408
Steiner Arzneimittel, 328, 358, 408
steroid-induced epidermal thinning, 133
steroid saponins, 157
steroidal drugs, 128
stigmasterol, 28, 30, 147, 251, 277, 289
stimulant use, 216
stomach cancer risk reduction
Asian
ginseng, 215, 222
cayenne,
44, 47
garlic,
156, 157, 158, 161, 162, 170
tea, 339,
341, 348
storage of herbal products, xxv
Strathmann AG, 67, 315, 408
Streptococcus
spp., 158, 231
stress, 101, 102, 105, 263
stress, daily, 270
stress, oxidative, 150, 289
stress, physical, 215
stress management, 305
stress reduction, 101
striatal dopamine release, 216
Strogen®, 315, 317, 402
strokes, 115, 341
stroma, prostatic, 313
Stronger Neo Minophagen-C, 279, 283, 401
Strotan®, 67, 69, 70, 398
structure/function claims, xxiv, 368
subcortical center stimulation, 205
subgingival microbiota, 77
substance P, 43
sulfacetamide, 234
sulfide, fecal, 339, 349
sulindac, 341
superoxide dismutase (SOD), 289, 293, 370
Supplement Facts panel, xx, xxiv
surgery, 160, 189
surgery, presurgical patients, 139, 189
surgery adjuvants, 33, 37
surgical bleeding, 6, 8, 12
surgical narcotics toxicity, 288, 295
sweating. see
perspiration
sweet cravings, premenstrual, 71
swelling of soft tissue. see
edema
swine erysipelas, 301
sympathomimetic effects of ephedra, 113, 115, 116
Symphona®, 400
Syndrom-Kurztest, 195
synergistic effects (TCM theory), 215
synovial fluid, 49
Synthelabo-Pharma SA, 8, 408
syringin, 101
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 31, 146, 152, 369, 371,
373
systolic blood pressure reduction
by ephedra,
114
by garlic,
157, 161, 162, 167, 168
by
hawthorn, 244
by
Pycnogenol®, 373
by tea, 347
systremma, nocturnal, 250
Syzygium aromaticum,
383
T
T-cells, 95, 96, 101, 102, 105, 293
T4 cells, 38, 223
T8 cells, 38
T-cells, suppressor, 277
T-helper cells, 90
tabasco pepper, 42
tachycardia, 66, 114, 115, 234, 278, 361. see also heart rate
tachygastria, 180
tachyphylaxis, 113
tacrine, 295
Taigutan®, 103, 105, 399
Talso®, 315, 318, 402
Tamarisk gallica,
379
tamoxifen, 17, 18, 21, 128, 131, 341
tamsulosin, 313
Tanacetum parthenium,
135–142
Tanakan®, 192, 196, 197, 198, 400
tannins, 7, 28, 139
taxifolin, 370
Taxol®, xvii
Taxus brevifolia,
xvii
tea, black/green, 115, 335–349,
409
Tebonin®, 192, 195, 197, 200, 400
Tegens®, 8, 11, 12, 398
Tegra®, 163, 167, 400
Tegretol®, 326
tension, 270, 361
tension in legs, 255, 256
terazosin, 265
Terminalia spp.,
379, 383
terpene glycosides, 205
terpene lactones, 189
terpenes, 139
terpineol, 113
terpinyl acetate, 65
testosterone. see also
hormones
and Asian
ginseng, 225
and flax,
148, 152
and
licorice, 277, 282
metabolism,
313
and saw
palmetto, 314, 317, 318
tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids (TOAs), 26, 27, 28, 29, 32
tetracycline, 234
tetrahydroalstonine, 28
tetrahydrocortisol, 283
Texas Medical Association, xiv, xv, xvi, 110
Texas Nurses Association, xvi
Texas Pharmacy Association, xvi
theaflavine, 339
thearubigins, 339
theobromine, 339
theophylline, 44, 115, 240, 326, 339, 341
Therabel Research, 315, 408
therapeutic claims, 368
Therapeutic Goods, xx
thermogenesis, 112, 113, 115, 121, 216, 339, 345
thiazide diuretics, 190, 278
thioacetamide damage, 289
thiopental, 355
thiosulfinates, 157, 158
thirst, 215
Thisilyn®, 402
thrombin, 48
thrombosis. see also
anticoagulants; platelets
antithrombotic
effects, 48, 139, 157, 158, 161, 189, 263
as
contraindication, 251
phlebothrombosis,
257
thromboembolisms,
199, 251
thrombophlebitis,
12, 257
thrombus
formation, 157, 231, 370
thromboxanes, 127, 158, 182, 231, 370, 373
Thuja occidentalis,
89, 92, 375
thymic extracts, intravenous, 32
thyroid disorders, 114, 116, 222, 340
thyrotoxicosis, 114
Tibetan medicine, 367
Tillots Pharma AG, 279, 302, 408
tinnitus, 16, 18, 188, 189, 191, 197, 198
tocopherol, 289
tongue spasms, 302
tongue swelling, 139
tonics, 214
tonometric sensitivity, 258
Toulouetes test, 224
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), 101, 112, 204, 205, 215,
216, 366
Traditional Herbal Medicines (THMs), xx
Traditional Medicinals, Inc., 91, 408
traditional medicine systems, 366
trail making test, 196
tranquilizers, 101
transaminases, 294, 295
transcapillary filtration, 251, 257
transcription factor NF-kB, 30
transepidermal water loss, 132
transplant recipients, 31
transplant rejection, 190, 326
transplants, organ, 31, 190
tranylcypromine, 115
trauma, cranial, 250, 258
trazodone, 190, 225
tricyclic antidepressants, 327, 334
triglycerides. see
under lipids
Trisequens®, 21
triterpene glycosides, 16, 17
TRUW Arzneimittel Vertriebs GmbH, 92, 408
Tsumura & Co., 377, 408
tuberculosis, 31, 44, 90, 375, 377
tubocurarine, xvii
tulips, sensitivity to, 160
tumescence (erectile), 216, 225
tumor inhibitors
in animals,
43, 89, 127, 157, 158, 216, 289, 339–340
cancer
treatment adjuncts, 27, 33, 37, 100, 191, 232
in humans,
antiproliferation, 146, 147
in humans,
cancer prevention, 156, 161, 162, 170, 215, 218, 222, 338, 341, 348
in vitro, 29, 77, 90, 127, 158, 175,
216, 251, 289
tumor necrosis factor (TNF), 29, 30, 31, 158, 277
Twinings, 342, 408
Twinings® tea, 342, 346, 403
tyramine levels, 232
tyrosine, 355
U
ulceration, 55
ulcers
alcohol-induced,
56
as
contraindication, 114
dermal, 251
duodenal,
47, 276, 279, 282
and Helicobacter pylori, 158
leg ulcers,
250
omeprazole
treatment, 78
oral, 139,
276, 279, 282, 302
preventatives
bilberry,
7
cayenne,
42, 43, 44, 47
chamomile,
55
ephedra,
114
evening
primrose, 127
ginger,
175
treatment
with Asian ginseng, 215
treatment
with cat’s claw, 27, 28, 33, 37
treatment
with licorice, 279
Ulmus rubra, xx
Ultimate Xphoria, 110
ultraviolet (UV) light, 27, 29, 158, 370
uña de gato, 26
Uncaria guianensis,
23–38
Uncaria rhynchophylla,
29, 30
Uncaria sinensis,
29, 30
Uncaria tomentosa,
23–38
uncarine, 28
Unilever Bestfoods North America, 341, 342, 408
United States
Pharmacopoeia, xvii
Up Your Gas, 117, 120, 399
upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), 88, 91, 94–96,
366
urethane resistance, 216
uric acid, 32, 38, 78
urinary alkaloids, 231
urinary antisepsis, 76, 77
urinary bacteria, 77, 78, 81, 82
urinary catecholamines, 209, 224
urinary cortisol, 326
urinary estrogen metabolites, 151
urinary glucose, 6, 295
urinary methylgallic acid, 345
urinary nitrogen, 345
urinary norepinephrine, 345
urinary pathogens, 76, 77
urinary pH
urinary
acidification, 76, 81, 82, 83, 116
urinary
alkalizers, 116
urinary tract infections (UTIs), 76, 77, 78, 81, 82, 83
as adverse
effect, 313, 317
urine, brown, 264
urodynamics. see also
bladder; prostate
dysuria,
313, 318, 339
micturition,
317, 318, 387
nocturia,
244, 313, 314, 317, 318
pollakiuria,
318
residual
urine, 114, 313, 317, 319
urinary
flow, 313, 314, 317, 318, 319, 382, 387
urinary
retention, 313, 318
urination
disturbances, 114, 115
uroepithelial cells, 77
urokinase inhibitors, 340
uronic acid, 312
urostomies, 83
ursolic acid, 28, 239
Urtica dioica,
382, 387
urticaria, 44, 55, 66, 160
uses, primary and potential, xxvi
uterine bleeding, 67, 215
uterine prolapse, 377
uterine stimulants, 18, 231
uterine tissue, 17, 18
uva ursi leaf, 76
V
vaccinia virus, 301
Vaccinium macrocarpon,
73–83, 409, 410
Vaccinium myrtillus,
3–12
vaginal conditions
cervical
cancer, 222
cervix,
cytological smears, 223
vaginal
bleeding, as adverse effect, 217
vaginal
cytology, 17, 18, 22, 223
vaginal
mucosa, 76
vulvovaginal
candidiasis, 76
Valdispert®, 355, 358, 361, 362, 403
valepotriates, 355, 356
valeranone, 355, 356
valerenic acid, 355, 356
Valerian Nighttime™, 403
Valeriana exaltata,
354
Valeriana officinalis,
351–364, 374, 376, 378, 383, 409
Valerina Natt®, 358, 364, 403
Valmane®, 358, 361, 364, 403
valtrates, 355
Valverde®, 358, 364, 403
vanillic acid, 370
Varicella zoster,
27, 33, 38
varicosis, 6, 12, 127, 250, 257, 372
vascular conditions. see
also arteries; circulation; veins
capillary
fragility, 6, 7, 12
capillary
permeability, 7, 190, 251
capillary
resistance, 370
endothelium,
158
peripheral
vascular disorder, 6, 8, 12, 188, 191
permeability,
7, 11, 231
vascular
resistance, 162, 169, 231, 234, 239
vascular
responses, 139
vasoconstriction,
113, 251, 370
vasodilation,
43, 77, 158, 216, 231, 240, 251, 341, 355
vasomotor
symptoms, 198, 223
vasospasms,
190
vasopressin, 355
veins
occlusions,
12
thrombophlebitis,
12, 257
varicosis,
6, 12, 127, 250, 257, 372
venous
disorders, non-specific, 252
venous
filling rate, 255
venous
insufficiencies, 6, 8, 12, 250, 255–257, 369, 370, 372
Venoplant®, 253, 255, 257, 258, 401
Venostasin®, 253, 255, 256, 257, 401
Venostat®, 401
ventilation, 204, 209, 388
ventricular cardiac myocytes, 240
ventricular ejection fraction, 231, 234, 238, 239, 244, 245
Veratrum nigrum,
217
verbascoside, 89
Verbena spp., 276,
388
vertigo, 16, 18, 180, 188, 238
vervain, 276, 388
vesicular stomatitis virus, 30
VIATRIS GmbH & Co. KG, 408
Vibrio cholerae,
231, 234
Vienna determination test, 196
Vietnamese ginseng, 218
vincristine, xvii
vinyldithiins, 157
vision
altered,
263
blindness,
night/day, 6
color
discrimination speed, 100, 106
color
perception, 100, 106
contrast
sensitivity, 8, 11
impairment,
18, 197, 370, 372
infant
development, 147
night
vision, 6, 8, 11
spectral sensitivity,
100, 106
visual
reaction time, 196, 224
visual analog scale (VAS), 49, 50, 71, 307, 381
vital essence (TCM theory), 216
vitality, 27, 29, 33, 37, 38, 223
vitamin A, 314
vitamin B12, 78
vitamin E, 126
vitamin K, 341
Vitex agnus-castus,
61–72, 381
vitexilactone, 65
vitexin rhamnosides, 239
vomiting
as adverse
effect, 18, 31, 115, 140
antiemetics,
174, 175, 180
associated
with migraines, 138, 140, 142
post-surgical,
181
symptom of
liver disease, 264
von Zerssen depression scale, 333
vulnerary activity, 90
W
Wakunaga of America Co., Ltd., 162, 408
walking distance, 170, 188, 192, 197, 225, 384
warfarin
and Asian
ginseng, 217
and
bilberry, 7
and
chamomile, 56
and
feverfew, 140
and garlic,
159, 160, 162, 170
and ginger,
175
and ginkgo,
190, 191, 199
and St.
John’s wort, 326
and tea,
341
Warner Lambert, 408
water retention, 278
weakness. see
asthenia/weakness
weariness, menopausal, 22
Wechsler-Bellevue test, 224
weight loss
drug
interactions, 115
increased
thermogenesis, 112, 113, 115
studies,
116, 120, 121, 349
and tea,
339, 341, 349
weight loss products, 110–112
well-being/quality of life
and Asian
ginseng, 215, 223, 224
and
eleuthero, 102, 106
and garlic,
161, 167, 168
and St.
John’s wort, 331, 332
and
valerian, 362, 363
West Nile virus, 301
white blood cells (WBC). see
leukocytes
Willmar Schwabe. see
Dr. Willmar Schwabe
wind (TCM theory),
205
witch hazel, xx
withdrawal symptoms, 355, 356, 363
work capacity, 100, 102, 244
wormwood, 288
wounds, 54, 55, 57, 59, 88, 90, 251, 324
WS-1031, 319
WS-1473, 315, 317, 319, 402
WS-1490, 266, 270, 271, 401
WS-5570, 328, 333, 402
WS-5572, 328, 332, 403
WS-5573, 328, 332, 403
X
xanthines, 115, 339
xanthones, 325
xylose, 147, 370
Y
Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, 334
yangonin, 263
yarrow hypersensitivity, 55, 56, 90, 139
yin (TCM theory),
205
yohimbe, 409
yucca, 409
Z
Ze-117, 327, 328, 331, 332, 402, 403
Ze-91019, 358, 363, 403
Zeller Medical, 67, 328, 408
zidovudine (AZT), 26, 215, 217
Zinaxin®, 176, 400
zinc serum concentrations, 294
Zincosamine, 400
Zingiber officinale,
171–183, 377
zingiberene, 174
Zintona®, 176, 179, 400
Zoloft®, 331
zosteriform dermatitis, 160
Zostrix®, 45, 48, 49, 50, 398
Zung self-rating depression scale, 331
zymozam, 384
Zyzyphus jujuba,
377